ABAP Select data from SAP table /OPT/INV_LIN into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /OPT/INV_LIN table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /OPT/INV_LIN. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /OPT/INV_LIN table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/OPT/INV_LIN TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /OPT/INV_LIN,
      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN TYPE /OPT/INV_LIN,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </OPT/INV_LIN> TYPE /OPT/INV_LIN.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/OPT/INV_LIN.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /OPT/INV_LIN
  INTO TABLE IT_/OPT/INV_LIN.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /OPT/INV_LIN
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/OPT/INV_LIN2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/OPT/INV_LIN INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/OPT/INV_LIN2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/OPT/INV_LIN ASSIGNING </OPT/INV_LIN>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</OPT/INV_LIN>-COMP_CODE = 1.
</OPT/INV_LIN>-INV_NO = 1.
</OPT/INV_LIN>-FISCAL_YEAR = 1.
</OPT/INV_LIN>-INV_LIN = 1.
</OPT/INV_LIN>-MATERIAL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/OPT/INV_LIN INTO WA_/OPT/INV_LIN.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-GL_ACCT, sy-vline,
  WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-UOM, sy-vline,
  WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-UNIT_PRICE, sy-vline,
  WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-SIGN, sy-vline,
  WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-CURRENCY, sy-vline,
  WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-QUANTITY, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/OPT/INV_LIN you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/OPT/INV_LIN TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/OPT/INV_LIN INTO WA_/OPT/INV_LIN.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field INV_NO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-INV_NO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-INV_NO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FISCAL_YEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-FISCAL_YEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-FISCAL_YEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATERIAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-MATERIAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-MATERIAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GL_ACCT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-GL_ACCT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-GL_ACCT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UOM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-UOM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-UOM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AU132, internal->external for field AMOUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AU132_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-AMOUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-AMOUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AU132, internal->external for field TAX
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AU132_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-TAX
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-TAX.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PO_NO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-PO_NO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-PO_NO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PAYMENT_DOC
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-PAYMENT_DOC
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-PAYMENT_DOC.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AU132, internal->external for field PAID_AMOUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AU132_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-PAID_AMOUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/OPT/INV_LIN-PAID_AMOUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR, 
COMP_CODE TYPE STRING,
INV_NO TYPE STRING,
FISCAL_YEAR TYPE STRING,
INV_LIN TYPE STRING,
MATERIAL TYPE STRING,
GL_ACCT TYPE STRING,
UOM TYPE STRING,
UNIT_PRICE TYPE STRING,
SIGN TYPE STRING,
CURRENCY TYPE STRING,
QUANTITY TYPE STRING,
AMOUNT TYPE STRING,
TAX TYPE STRING,
TOTAL_AMOUNT TYPE STRING,
PO_NO TYPE STRING,
PO_LIN TYPE STRING,
PAYMENT_DATE TYPE STRING,
PAYMENT_DOC TYPE STRING,
PAID_AMOUNT TYPE STRING,
LINE_STATUS TYPE STRING,
LINE_PARA1 TYPE STRING,
LINE_PARA2 TYPE STRING,
LINE_PARA3 TYPE STRING,
LINE_PARA4 TYPE STRING,
LINE_ADD_INFO TYPE STRING,
DELETED TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-COMP_CODE sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-INV_NO sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-FISCAL_YEAR sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-INV_LIN sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-MATERIAL sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-GL_ACCT sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-UOM sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-UNIT_PRICE sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-SIGN sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-CURRENCY sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-QUANTITY sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-AMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-TAX sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-TOTAL_AMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-PO_NO sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-PO_LIN sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-PAYMENT_DATE sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-PAYMENT_DOC sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-PAID_AMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-LINE_STATUS sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-LINE_PARA1 sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-LINE_PARA2 sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-LINE_PARA3 sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-LINE_PARA4 sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-LINE_ADD_INFO sy-vline 
WA_/OPT/INV_LIN_STR-DELETED sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.