ABAP Select data from SAP table /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV,
      WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV TYPE /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV> TYPE /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV
  INTO TABLE IT_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV ASSIGNING </PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV>-MANDT = 1.
</PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV>-DOC_NO = 1.
</PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV>-DOC_YEAR = 1.
</PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV>-DN_NO = 1.
</PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV>-DN_GRP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV INTO WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-SALE_DT, sy-vline,
  WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-FREQ_CD, sy-vline,
  WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DOC_STATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DOC_TYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-APPLICATION, sy-vline,
  WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-PROCESS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV INTO WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOC_NO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DOC_NO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DOC_NO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field DOC_YEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DOC_YEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DOC_YEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DN_NO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DN_NO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DN_NO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit OIUNM, internal->external for field DN_DE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_OIUNM_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DN_DE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV-DN_DE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
DOC_NO TYPE STRING,
DOC_YEAR TYPE STRING,
DN_NO TYPE STRING,
DN_GRP TYPE STRING,
SALE_DT TYPE STRING,
FREQ_CD TYPE STRING,
DOC_STATUS TYPE STRING,
DOC_TYPE TYPE STRING,
APPLICATION TYPE STRING,
PROCESS TYPE STRING,
FUNC_SEQUENCE TYPE STRING,
FUNC_NAME TYPE STRING,
APP_LOG_NO TYPE STRING,
PROC_STATUS TYPE STRING,
RUN_DATE TYPE STRING,
RUN_TIME TYPE STRING,
OIU_CRUSER TYPE STRING,
OIU_TIMESTAMP TYPE STRING,
ARCH_FLAG TYPE STRING,
NEW_RD_FL TYPE STRING,
DOC_STATUS_T TYPE STRING,
DOC_TYPE_T TYPE STRING,
PROC_STATUS_T TYPE STRING,
DN_DE TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DOC_NO sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DOC_YEAR sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DN_NO sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DN_GRP sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-SALE_DT sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-FREQ_CD sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DOC_STATUS sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DOC_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-APPLICATION sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-PROCESS sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-FUNC_SEQUENCE sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-FUNC_NAME sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-APP_LOG_NO sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-PROC_STATUS sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-RUN_DATE sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-RUN_TIME sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-OIU_CRUSER sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-OIU_TIMESTAMP sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-ARCH_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-NEW_RD_FL sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DOC_STATUS_T sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DOC_TYPE_T sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-PROC_STATUS_T sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-DN_DE sy-vline 
WA_/PRA/S_PN_VLDOC_ALV_STR-UNAME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.