ABAP Select data from SAP table /SAPAPO/PGBAU into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /SAPAPO/PGBAU table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /SAPAPO/PGBAU. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /SAPAPO/PGBAU table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/SAPAPO/PGBAU TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /SAPAPO/PGBAU,
      WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU TYPE /SAPAPO/PGBAU,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </SAPAPO/PGBAU> TYPE /SAPAPO/PGBAU.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/SAPAPO/PGBAU.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /SAPAPO/PGBAU
  INTO TABLE IT_/SAPAPO/PGBAU.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /SAPAPO/PGBAU
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/SAPAPO/PGBAU2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/SAPAPO/PGBAU INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/SAPAPO/PGBAU ASSIGNING </SAPAPO/PGBAU>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</SAPAPO/PGBAU>-DATUM = 1.
</SAPAPO/PGBAU>-PGHST = 1.
</SAPAPO/PGBAU>-PRGRP = 1.
</SAPAPO/PGBAU>-WERKS = 1.
</SAPAPO/PGBAU>-NRMIT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/SAPAPO/PGBAU INTO WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-WEMIT, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-VSNDA, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-TXMIT, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-MEMIT, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-ANTEI, sy-vline,
  WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-PRKOF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/SAPAPO/PGBAU TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/SAPAPO/PGBAU INTO WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field PRGRP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-PRGRP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-PRGRP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field NRMIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-NRMIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-NRMIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEMIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-MEMIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU-MEMIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR, 
DATUM TYPE STRING,
PGHST TYPE STRING,
PRGRP TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
NRMIT TYPE STRING,
WEMIT TYPE STRING,
VSNDA TYPE STRING,
TXMIT TYPE STRING,
MEMIT TYPE STRING,
ANTEI TYPE STRING,
PRKOF TYPE STRING,
UMREF TYPE STRING,
MTART TYPE STRING,
PERKZ TYPE STRING,
PERIV TYPE STRING,
PGTYP TYPE STRING,
KPGZU TYPE STRING,
DISPO TYPE STRING,
FIXKZ TYPE STRING,
DISST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-DATUM sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-PGHST sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-PRGRP sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-NRMIT sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-WEMIT sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-VSNDA sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-TXMIT sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-MEMIT sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-ANTEI sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-PRKOF sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-UMREF sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-MTART sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-PERKZ sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-PERIV sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-PGTYP sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-KPGZU sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-DISPO sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-FIXKZ sy-vline 
WA_/SAPAPO/PGBAU_STR-DISST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.