ABAP Select data from SAP table /TMF/D_QUESTION into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP /TMF/D_QUESTION table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to /TMF/D_QUESTION. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the /TMF/D_QUESTION table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_/TMF/D_QUESTION TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF /TMF/D_QUESTION,
      WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION TYPE /TMF/D_QUESTION,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: </TMF/D_QUESTION> TYPE /TMF/D_QUESTION.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_/TMF/D_QUESTION.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM /TMF/D_QUESTION
  INTO TABLE IT_/TMF/D_QUESTION.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM /TMF/D_QUESTION
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_/TMF/D_QUESTION2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_/TMF/D_QUESTION INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_/TMF/D_QUESTION ASSIGNING </TMF/D_QUESTION>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
</TMF/D_QUESTION>-MANDT = 1.
</TMF/D_QUESTION>-CNPJ_ROOT = 1.
</TMF/D_QUESTION>-VIG_DE = 1.
</TMF/D_QUESTION>-VIG_ATE = 1.
</TMF/D_QUESTION>-IND_ALIQ_CSLL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_/TMF/D_QUESTION INTO WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION-IND_QTE_SCP, sy-vline,
  WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION-IND_ADM_FUN_CLU, sy-vline,
  WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION-IND_PART_CONS, sy-vline,
  WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION-IND_OP_EXT, sy-vline,
  WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION-IND_OP_VINC, sy-vline,
  WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION-IND_PJ_ENQUAD, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_/TMF/D_QUESTION TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_/TMF/D_QUESTION INTO WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
CNPJ_ROOT TYPE STRING,
VIG_DE TYPE STRING,
VIG_ATE TYPE STRING,
IND_ALIQ_CSLL TYPE STRING,
IND_QTE_SCP TYPE STRING,
IND_ADM_FUN_CLU TYPE STRING,
IND_PART_CONS TYPE STRING,
IND_OP_EXT TYPE STRING,
IND_OP_VINC TYPE STRING,
IND_PJ_ENQUAD TYPE STRING,
IND_PART_EXT TYPE STRING,
IND_ATIV_RURAL TYPE STRING,
IND_LUC_EXP TYPE STRING,
IND_RED_ISEN TYPE STRING,
IND_FIN TYPE STRING,
IND_DOA_ELEIT TYPE STRING,
IND_VEND_EXP TYPE STRING,
IND_REC_EXT TYPE STRING,
IND_ATIV_EXT TYPE STRING,
IND_COM_EXP TYPE STRING,
IND_PGTO_EXT TYPE STRING,
IND_E_COM_TI TYPE STRING,
IND_ROY_REC TYPE STRING,
IND_ROY_PAG TYPE STRING,
IND_REND_SERV TYPE STRING,
IND_PGTO_REM TYPE STRING,
IND_INOV_TEC TYPE STRING,
IND_CAP_INF TYPE STRING,
IND_PJ_HAB TYPE STRING,
IND_POLO_AM TYPE STRING,
IND_ZON_EXP TYPE STRING,
IND_AREA_COM TYPE STRING,
TIP_ECF TYPE STRING,
COD_SCP TYPE STRING,
RETIFICADORA TYPE STRING,
NUM_REC TYPE STRING,
IND_PAIS_A_PAIS TYPE STRING,
IND_REPES TYPE STRING,
IND_RECAP TYPE STRING,
IND_PADIS TYPE STRING,
IND_PATVD TYPE STRING,
IND_REIDI TYPE STRING,
IND_REPENEC TYPE STRING,
IND_REICOMP TYPE STRING,
IND_RETAERO TYPE STRING,
IND_RECINE TYPE STRING,
IND_RESIDUOS_SOLIDOS TYPE STRING,
IND_RECOPA TYPE STRING,
IND_COPA_DO_MUNDO TYPE STRING,
IND_RETID TYPE STRING,
IND_REPNBL_REDES TYPE STRING,
IND_REIF TYPE STRING,
IND_OLIMPIADAS TYPE STRING,
IND_DEREX TYPE STRING,
IND_PART_COLIG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-CNPJ_ROOT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-VIG_DE sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-VIG_ATE sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_ALIQ_CSLL sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_QTE_SCP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_ADM_FUN_CLU sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PART_CONS sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_OP_EXT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_OP_VINC sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PJ_ENQUAD sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PART_EXT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_ATIV_RURAL sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_LUC_EXP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_RED_ISEN sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_FIN sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_DOA_ELEIT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_VEND_EXP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REC_EXT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_ATIV_EXT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_COM_EXP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PGTO_EXT sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_E_COM_TI sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_ROY_REC sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_ROY_PAG sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REND_SERV sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PGTO_REM sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_INOV_TEC sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_CAP_INF sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PJ_HAB sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_POLO_AM sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_ZON_EXP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_AREA_COM sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-TIP_ECF sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-COD_SCP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-RETIFICADORA sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-NUM_REC sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PAIS_A_PAIS sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REPES sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_RECAP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PADIS sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PATVD sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REIDI sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REPENEC sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REICOMP sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_RETAERO sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_RECINE sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_RESIDUOS_SOLIDOS sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_RECOPA sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_COPA_DO_MUNDO sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_RETID sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REPNBL_REDES sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_REIF sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_OLIMPIADAS sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_DEREX sy-vline 
WA_/TMF/D_QUESTION_STR-IND_PART_COLIG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.