ABAP Select data from SAP table ALMSCVAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ALMSCVAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ALMSCVAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ALMSCVAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ALMSCVAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ALMSCVAL,
      WA_ALMSCVAL TYPE ALMSCVAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ALMSCVAL> TYPE ALMSCVAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ALMSCVAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ALMSCVAL
  INTO TABLE IT_ALMSCVAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ALMSCVAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ALMSCVAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ALMSCVAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ALMSCVAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ALMSCVAL ASSIGNING <ALMSCVAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ALMSCVAL>-MSCGLLID = 1.
<ALMSCVAL>-MSCDATE = 1.
<ALMSCVAL>-MSCTIME = 1.
<ALMSCVAL>-MSCDUMMY = 1.
<ALMSCVAL>-VALUEORIG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ALMSCVAL INTO WA_ALMSCVAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ALMSCVAL-SEVERORIG, sy-vline,
  WA_ALMSCVAL-VALUEFLTRD, sy-vline,
  WA_ALMSCVAL-SEVERFLTRD, sy-vline,
  WA_ALMSCVAL-MANDT, sy-vline,
  WA_ALMSCVAL-USERID, sy-vline,
  WA_ALMSCVAL-MSG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ALMSCVAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ALMSCVAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ALMSCVAL INTO WA_ALMSCVAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ALMSCVAL_STR, 
MSCGLLID TYPE STRING,
MSCDATE TYPE STRING,
MSCTIME TYPE STRING,
MSCDUMMY TYPE STRING,
VALUEORIG TYPE STRING,
SEVERORIG TYPE STRING,
VALUEFLTRD TYPE STRING,
SEVERFLTRD TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
USERID TYPE STRING,
MSG TYPE STRING,
MSGCLASS TYPE STRING,
MSGID TYPE STRING,
MSGARG1 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE1 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG2 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE2 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG3 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE3 TYPE STRING,
MSGARG4 TYPE STRING,
ARGTYPE4 TYPE STRING,
MSGTEXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ALMSCVAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCGLLID sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCDATE sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCTIME sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSCDUMMY sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-VALUEORIG sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-SEVERORIG sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-VALUEFLTRD sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-SEVERFLTRD sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-USERID sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSG sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGCLASS sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGID sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG1 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE1 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG2 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE2 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG3 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE3 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGARG4 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-ARGTYPE4 sy-vline 
WA_ALMSCVAL_STR-MSGTEXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.