ABAP Select data from SAP table B453 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP B453 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to B453. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the B453 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_B453 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF B453,
      WA_B453 TYPE B453,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <B453> TYPE B453.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_B453.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM B453
  INTO TABLE IT_B453.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM B453
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_B4532).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_B453 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_B4532).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_B453 ASSIGNING <B453>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<B453>-MANDT = 1.
<B453>-KAPPL = 1.
<B453>-KSCHL = 1.
<B453>-NMSHTYPE = 1.
<B453>-NMCARRIER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_B453 INTO WA_B453.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_B453-INSPE, sy-vline,
  WA_B453-NMSHIPPER, sy-vline,
  WA_B453-TSYST, sy-vline,
  WA_B453-TPLST, sy-vline,
  WA_B453-KNUMH, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_B453 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_B453 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_B453 INTO WA_B453.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field NMCARRIER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_B453-NMCARRIER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_B453-NMCARRIER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field INSPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_B453-INSPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_B453-INSPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field NMSHIPPER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_B453-NMSHIPPER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_B453-NMSHIPPER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_B453_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
KSCHL TYPE STRING,
NMSHTYPE TYPE STRING,
NMCARRIER TYPE STRING,
INSPE TYPE STRING,
NMSHIPPER TYPE STRING,
TSYST TYPE STRING,
TPLST TYPE STRING,
KNUMH TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_B453_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_B453_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-KSCHL sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-NMSHTYPE sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-NMCARRIER sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-INSPE sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-NMSHIPPER sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-TSYST sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-TPLST sy-vline 
WA_B453_STR-KNUMH sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.