ABAP Select data from SAP table CMAINORDR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CMAINORDR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CMAINORDR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CMAINORDR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CMAINORDR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CMAINORDR,
      WA_CMAINORDR TYPE CMAINORDR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CMAINORDR> TYPE CMAINORDR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CMAINORDR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CMAINORDR
  INTO TABLE IT_CMAINORDR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CMAINORDR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CMAINORDR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CMAINORDR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CMAINORDR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CMAINORDR ASSIGNING <CMAINORDR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CMAINORDR>-MANDT = 1.
<CMAINORDR>-MAINTORDERCONF = 1.
<CMAINORDR>-MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUE = 1.
<CMAINORDR>-MAINTENANCEORDER = 1.
<CMAINORDR>-MAINTENANCEORDERDESC = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CMAINORDR INTO WA_CMAINORDR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDEROPERATION, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINORDR-OPERATIONDESCRIPTION, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTORDEROPERATIONCOUNTER, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDERSUBOPERATION, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINORDR-ACTIVITYTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTORDERCONFFOREDIT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CMAINORDR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CMAINORDR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CMAINORDR INTO WA_CMAINORDR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MAINTENANCEORDER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field MAINTENANCEORDEROPERATION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDEROPERATION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDEROPERATION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field MAINTENANCEORDERSUBOPERATION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDERSUBOPERATION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINORDR-MAINTENANCEORDERSUBOPERATION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINORDR-ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINORDR-ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CMAINORDR-REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CMAINORDR-REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CMAINORDR_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONF TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUE TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEORDER TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEORDERDESC TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEORDEROPERATION TYPE STRING,
OPERATIONDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDEROPERATIONCOUNTER TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEORDERSUBOPERATION TYPE STRING,
ACTIVITYTYPE TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONFFOREDIT TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUEFOREDIT TYPE STRING,
ACTUALWORKQUANTITY TYPE STRING,
ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT TYPE STRING,
POSTINGDATE TYPE STRING,
ISFINALCONFIRMATION TYPE STRING,
REMAININGWORKQUANTITY TYPE STRING,
REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT TYPE STRING,
PLANT TYPE STRING,
ACTYCONFFCSTDENDDATE TYPE STRING,
ACTYCONFFCSTDENDTIME TYPE STRING,
OPERATIONCONFIRMEDSTARTDATE TYPE STRING,
OPERATIONCONFIRMEDSTARTTIME TYPE STRING,
OPERATIONCONFIRMEDENDDATE TYPE STRING,
OPERATIONCONFIRMEDENDTIME TYPE STRING,
NOFURTHERWORKQUANTITYISEXPD TYPE STRING,
OPENRESERVATIONSISCLEARED TYPE STRING,
CONFIRMATIONTEXT TYPE STRING,
VARIANCEREASONCODE TYPE STRING,
PERSONFULLNAME TYPE STRING,
PERSONNELNUMBER TYPE STRING,
WORKCENTER TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDCONFSOURCEAPPLICATION TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDCONFUPLOADUUID TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONFUPLOADMSGTYPE TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDCONFUPLOADMSGCRITLTY TYPE STRING,
SYSTEMMESSAGETEXT TYPE STRING,
MAINTORDERCONFUPLOADROWNUMBER TYPE STRING,
NUMBEROFRECORDS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CMAINORDR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDERCONF sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTENANCEORDER sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTENANCEORDERDESC sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTENANCEORDEROPERATION sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-OPERATIONDESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDEROPERATIONCOUNTER sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTENANCEORDERSUBOPERATION sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-ACTIVITYTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDERCONFFOREDIT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDERCONFCNTRVALUEFOREDIT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-ACTUALWORKQUANTITY sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-ACTUALWORKQUANTITYUNIT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-POSTINGDATE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-ISFINALCONFIRMATION sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-REMAININGWORKQUANTITY sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-REMAININGWORKQUANTITYUNIT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-PLANT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-ACTYCONFFCSTDENDDATE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-ACTYCONFFCSTDENDTIME sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-OPERATIONCONFIRMEDSTARTDATE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-OPERATIONCONFIRMEDSTARTTIME sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-OPERATIONCONFIRMEDENDDATE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-OPERATIONCONFIRMEDENDTIME sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-NOFURTHERWORKQUANTITYISEXPD sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-OPENRESERVATIONSISCLEARED sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-CONFIRMATIONTEXT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-VARIANCEREASONCODE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-PERSONFULLNAME sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-PERSONNELNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-WORKCENTER sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDCONFSOURCEAPPLICATION sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDCONFUPLOADUUID sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDERCONFUPLOADMSGTYPE sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDCONFUPLOADMSGCRITLTY sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-SYSTEMMESSAGETEXT sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-MAINTORDERCONFUPLOADROWNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_CMAINORDR_STR-NUMBEROFRECORDS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.