ABAP Select data from SAP table CSTCLA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP CSTCLA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to CSTCLA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the CSTCLA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_CSTCLA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF CSTCLA,
      WA_CSTCLA TYPE CSTCLA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <CSTCLA> TYPE CSTCLA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_CSTCLA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM CSTCLA
  INTO TABLE IT_CSTCLA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM CSTCLA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_CSTCLA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_CSTCLA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_CSTCLA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_CSTCLA ASSIGNING <CSTCLA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<CSTCLA>-CLINT = 1.
<CSTCLA>-CLASS = 1.
<CSTCLA>-KLART = 1.
<CSTCLA>-KLBEZ = 1.
<CSTCLA>-STLTY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_CSTCLA INTO WA_CSTCLA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_CSTCLA-STLNR, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTCLA-STLAN, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTCLA-STLAL, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTCLA-BMENG, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTCLA-EMENG, sy-vline,
  WA_CSTCLA-ALTST, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_CSTCLA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_CSTCLA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_CSTCLA INTO WA_CSTCLA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field STLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTCLA-STLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTCLA-STLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STLAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTCLA-STLAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTCLA-STLAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AENNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTCLA-AENNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTCLA-AENNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LTXSP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_CSTCLA-LTXSP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_CSTCLA-LTXSP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_CSTCLA_STR, 
CLINT TYPE STRING,
CLASS TYPE STRING,
KLART TYPE STRING,
KLBEZ TYPE STRING,
STLTY TYPE STRING,
STLNR TYPE STRING,
STLAN TYPE STRING,
STLAL TYPE STRING,
BMENG TYPE STRING,
EMENG TYPE STRING,
ALTST TYPE STRING,
VARST TYPE STRING,
KBAUS TYPE STRING,
DATUV TYPE STRING,
DATUB TYPE STRING,
AENNR TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
ANDAT TYPE STRING,
ANNAM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
CADKZ TYPE STRING,
LABOR TYPE STRING,
LTXSP TYPE STRING,
STKTX TYPE STRING,
STLST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_CSTCLA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_CSTCLA_STR-CLINT sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-CLASS sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-KLART sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-KLBEZ sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-STLTY sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-STLNR sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-STLAN sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-STLAL sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-BMENG sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-EMENG sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-ALTST sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-VARST sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-KBAUS sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-DATUV sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-DATUB sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-AENNR sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-ANDAT sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-ANNAM sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-CADKZ sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-LABOR sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-LTXSP sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-STKTX sy-vline 
WA_CSTCLA_STR-STLST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.