ABAP Select data from SAP table DD04D into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP DD04D table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to DD04D. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the DD04D table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_DD04D TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DD04D,
      WA_DD04D TYPE DD04D,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <DD04D> TYPE DD04D.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_DD04D.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM DD04D
  INTO TABLE IT_DD04D.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM DD04D
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_DD04D2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_DD04D INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_DD04D2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_DD04D ASSIGNING <DD04D>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<DD04D>-ROLLNAME = 1.
<DD04D>-DOMNAME = 1.
<DD04D>-REFTYPNAME = 1.
<DD04D>-CLASSNAME = 1.
<DD04D>-MEMORYID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_DD04D INTO WA_DD04D.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_DD04D-LOGFLAG, sy-vline,
  WA_DD04D-HEADLEN, sy-vline,
  WA_DD04D-SCRLEN1, sy-vline,
  WA_DD04D-SCRLEN2, sy-vline,
  WA_DD04D-SCRLEN3, sy-vline,
  WA_DD04D-DDTEXT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_DD04D you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_DD04D TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_DD04D INTO WA_DD04D.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field DATATYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DD04D-DATATYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DD04D-DATATYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field REFDTYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_DD04D-REFDTYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_DD04D-REFDTYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_DD04D_STR, 
ROLLNAME TYPE STRING,
DOMNAME TYPE STRING,
REFTYPNAME TYPE STRING,
CLASSNAME TYPE STRING,
MEMORYID TYPE STRING,
LOGFLAG TYPE STRING,
HEADLEN TYPE STRING,
SCRLEN1 TYPE STRING,
SCRLEN2 TYPE STRING,
SCRLEN3 TYPE STRING,
DDTEXT TYPE STRING,
REPTEXT TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_S TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_M TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_L TYPE STRING,
TXTMNT TYPE STRING,
DATATYPE TYPE STRING,
LENG TYPE STRING,
ENTITYTAB TYPE STRING,
OUTPUTLEN TYPE STRING,
DECIMALS TYPE STRING,
SHLPNAME TYPE STRING,
SHLPFIELD TYPE STRING,
DEFFDNAME TYPE STRING,
DIDENT TYPE STRING,
REFKIND TYPE STRING,
REFTYPE TYPE STRING,
REFDTYPE TYPE STRING,
LTRFLDDIS TYPE STRING,
BIDICTRLC TYPE STRING,
SIGNFLAG TYPE STRING,
NOHISTORY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_DD04D_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_DD04D_STR-ROLLNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-DOMNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-REFTYPNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-CLASSNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-MEMORYID sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-LOGFLAG sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-HEADLEN sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SCRLEN1 sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SCRLEN2 sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SCRLEN3 sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-DDTEXT sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-REPTEXT sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SCRTEXT_S sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SCRTEXT_M sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SCRTEXT_L sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-TXTMNT sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-DATATYPE sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-LENG sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-ENTITYTAB sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-OUTPUTLEN sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-DECIMALS sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SHLPNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SHLPFIELD sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-DEFFDNAME sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-DIDENT sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-REFKIND sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-REFTYPE sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-REFDTYPE sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-LTRFLDDIS sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-BIDICTRLC sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-SIGNFLAG sy-vline 
WA_DD04D_STR-NOHISTORY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.