ABAP Select data from SAP table EMMA_TXTMSG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP EMMA_TXTMSG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to EMMA_TXTMSG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the EMMA_TXTMSG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_EMMA_TXTMSG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF EMMA_TXTMSG,
      WA_EMMA_TXTMSG TYPE EMMA_TXTMSG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <EMMA_TXTMSG> TYPE EMMA_TXTMSG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_EMMA_TXTMSG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM EMMA_TXTMSG
  INTO TABLE IT_EMMA_TXTMSG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM EMMA_TXTMSG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_EMMA_TXTMSG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_EMMA_TXTMSG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_EMMA_TXTMSG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_EMMA_TXTMSG ASSIGNING <EMMA_TXTMSG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<EMMA_TXTMSG>-RUNID = 1.
<EMMA_TXTMSG>-EXTRUNID = 1.
<EMMA_TXTMSG>-BPCODE = 1.
<EMMA_TXTMSG>-OBJECTTYPE = 1.
<EMMA_TXTMSG>-OBJECTTEXT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_EMMA_TXTMSG INTO WA_EMMA_TXTMSG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-OBJECTKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-INTNR, sy-vline,
  WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-STATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-MSGNUMBER, sy-vline,
  WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-MSGSN, sy-vline,
  WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-MSGTY, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_EMMA_TXTMSG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_EMMA_TXTMSG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_EMMA_TXTMSG INTO WA_EMMA_TXTMSG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BPCODE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-BPCODE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-BPCODE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CASENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-CASENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_EMMA_TXTMSG-CASENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR, 
RUNID TYPE STRING,
EXTRUNID TYPE STRING,
BPCODE TYPE STRING,
OBJECTTYPE TYPE STRING,
OBJECTTEXT TYPE STRING,
OBJECTKEY TYPE STRING,
INTNR TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
MSGNUMBER TYPE STRING,
MSGSN TYPE STRING,
MSGTY TYPE STRING,
MSGID TYPE STRING,
MSGNO TYPE STRING,
TEXTMSG TYPE STRING,
%_ICON_LNG TYPE STRING,
%_BUSOBJECT TYPE STRING,
%_ICON_PAR TYPE STRING,
CASENR TYPE STRING,
CCAT TYPE STRING,
MSGV1 TYPE STRING,
MSGV2 TYPE STRING,
MSGV3 TYPE STRING,
MSGV4 TYPE STRING,
LOGDATE TYPE STRING,
LOGTIME TYPE STRING,
TIME_STMP TYPE STRING,
ALTEXT TYPE STRING,
%_COLOR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-RUNID sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-EXTRUNID sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-BPCODE sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-OBJECTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-OBJECTTEXT sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-OBJECTKEY sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-INTNR sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGSN sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGTY sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGID sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGNO sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-TEXTMSG sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-%_ICON_LNG sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-%_BUSOBJECT sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-%_ICON_PAR sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-CASENR sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-CCAT sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGV1 sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGV2 sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGV3 sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-MSGV4 sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-LOGDATE sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-LOGTIME sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-TIME_STMP sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-ALTEXT sy-vline 
WA_EMMA_TXTMSG_STR-%_COLOR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.