ABAP Select data from SAP table FMCHA1 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMCHA1 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMCHA1. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMCHA1 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMCHA1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMCHA1,
      WA_FMCHA1 TYPE FMCHA1,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMCHA1> TYPE FMCHA1.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMCHA1.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMCHA1
  INTO TABLE IT_FMCHA1.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMCHA1
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMCHA12).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMCHA1 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMCHA12).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMCHA1 ASSIGNING <FMCHA1>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMCHA1>-MANDT = 1.
<FMCHA1>-REFBN = 1.
<FMCHA1>-RUNNR = 1.
<FMCHA1>-REFBT = 1.
<FMCHA1>-RFORG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMCHA1 INTO WA_FMCHA1.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMCHA1-RFTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHA1-RFSYS, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHA1-RFPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHA1-RFKNT, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHA1-RFETE, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHA1-RCOND, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMCHA1 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMCHA1 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMCHA1 INTO WA_FMCHA1.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFBN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-REFBN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-REFBN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-RUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-RUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-RFSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-RFSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RLDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-RLDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-RLDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIS, internal->external for field SFIPOS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-SFIPOS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-SFIPOS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field SFIPEX
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-SFIPEX
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-SFIPEX.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SHKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-SHKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-SHKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SGRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-SGRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-SGRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIS, internal->external for field EFIPOS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-EFIPOS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-EFIPOS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field EFIPEX
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-EFIPEX
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-EFIPEX.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EHKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-EHKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-EHKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EGRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-EGRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-EGRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KNBELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-KNBELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-KNBELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field KNGJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-KNGJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-KNGJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field ABGJR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-ABGJR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-ABGJR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field BSGJR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHA1-BSGJR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHA1-BSGJR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMCHA1_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
REFBN TYPE STRING,
RUNNR TYPE STRING,
REFBT TYPE STRING,
RFORG TYPE STRING,
RFTYP TYPE STRING,
RFSYS TYPE STRING,
RFPOS TYPE STRING,
RFKNT TYPE STRING,
RFETE TYPE STRING,
RCOND TYPE STRING,
RLDNR TYPE STRING,
WRTTP TYPE STRING,
SFIPOS TYPE STRING,
SFIPEX TYPE STRING,
SFISTL TYPE STRING,
SFONDS TYPE STRING,
SFAREA TYPE STRING,
SHKONT TYPE STRING,
SOBJNRZ TYPE STRING,
SMEASURE TYPE STRING,
SGRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
EFIPOS TYPE STRING,
EFIPEX TYPE STRING,
EFISTL TYPE STRING,
EFONDS TYPE STRING,
EFAREA TYPE STRING,
EHKONT TYPE STRING,
EOBJNRZ TYPE STRING,
EMEASURE TYPE STRING,
EGRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
OBJNRZ TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
FIKRS TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
CFRULE TYPE STRING,
GROUPNR TYPE STRING,
DTSELECTED TYPE STRING,
TMSELECTED TYPE STRING,
USSELECTED TYPE STRING,
DTTRANSFER TYPE STRING,
TMTRANSFER TYPE STRING,
USTRANSFER TYPE STRING,
CFFLG TYPE STRING,
FKBTR TYPE STRING,
ERROR TYPE STRING,
CORULE TYPE STRING,
KNBELNR TYPE STRING,
KNBUZEI TYPE STRING,
KNGJAHR TYPE STRING,
EBUDGET_PD TYPE STRING,
SBUDGET_PD TYPE STRING,
SSTATS TYPE STRING,
ESTATS TYPE STRING,
ABGJR TYPE STRING,
BSGJR TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
LCOL TYPE STRING,
SUSERDIM TYPE STRING,
EUSERDIM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMCHA1_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMCHA1_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-REFBN sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RUNNR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-REFBT sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RFORG sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RFTYP sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RFSYS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RFPOS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RFKNT sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RFETE sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RCOND sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-RLDNR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-WRTTP sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SFIPOS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SFIPEX sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SFISTL sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SFONDS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SFAREA sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SHKONT sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SOBJNRZ sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SMEASURE sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SGRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EFIPOS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EFIPEX sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EFISTL sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EFONDS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EFAREA sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EHKONT sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EOBJNRZ sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EMEASURE sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EGRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-OBJNRZ sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-FIKRS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-CFRULE sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-GROUPNR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-DTSELECTED sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-TMSELECTED sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-USSELECTED sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-DTTRANSFER sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-TMTRANSFER sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-USTRANSFER sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-CFFLG sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-FKBTR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-ERROR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-CORULE sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-KNBELNR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-KNBUZEI sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-KNGJAHR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EBUDGET_PD sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SBUDGET_PD sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SSTATS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-ESTATS sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-ABGJR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-BSGJR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-LCOL sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-SUSERDIM sy-vline 
WA_FMCHA1_STR-EUSERDIM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.