ABAP Select data from SAP table FMCHAIN into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMCHAIN table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMCHAIN. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMCHAIN table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMCHAIN TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMCHAIN,
      WA_FMCHAIN TYPE FMCHAIN,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMCHAIN> TYPE FMCHAIN.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMCHAIN.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMCHAIN
  INTO TABLE IT_FMCHAIN.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMCHAIN
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMCHAIN2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMCHAIN INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMCHAIN2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMCHAIN ASSIGNING <FMCHAIN>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMCHAIN>-CFDOCNR = 1.
<FMCHAIN>-CFDOCNR_PRED = 1.
<FMCHAIN>-CFDOCNR_ROOT = 1.
<FMCHAIN>-LEVEL = 1.
<FMCHAIN>-FLG_ROOT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMCHAIN INTO WA_FMCHAIN.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMCHAIN-FLG_TAIL, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHAIN-FLG_ERROR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHAIN-FKBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHAIN-TRBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHAIN-FKTBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_FMCHAIN-TRTBTR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMCHAIN you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMCHAIN TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMCHAIN INTO WA_FMCHAIN.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CFDOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHAIN-CFDOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHAIN-CFDOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CFDOCNR_PRED
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHAIN-CFDOCNR_PRED
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHAIN-CFDOCNR_PRED.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CFDOCNR_ROOT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMCHAIN-CFDOCNR_ROOT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMCHAIN-CFDOCNR_ROOT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMCHAIN_STR, 
CFDOCNR TYPE STRING,
CFDOCNR_PRED TYPE STRING,
CFDOCNR_ROOT TYPE STRING,
LEVEL TYPE STRING,
FLG_ROOT TYPE STRING,
FLG_TAIL TYPE STRING,
FLG_ERROR TYPE STRING,
FKBTR TYPE STRING,
TRBTR TYPE STRING,
FKTBTR TYPE STRING,
TRTBTR TYPE STRING,
FKRBTR TYPE STRING,
TRRBTR TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
ERLKZ TYPE STRING,
STATS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMCHAIN_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-CFDOCNR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-CFDOCNR_PRED sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-CFDOCNR_ROOT sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-LEVEL sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-FLG_ROOT sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-FLG_TAIL sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-FLG_ERROR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-FKBTR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-TRBTR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-FKTBTR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-TRTBTR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-FKRBTR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-TRRBTR sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-ERLKZ sy-vline 
WA_FMCHAIN_STR-STATS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.