ABAP Select data from SAP table FMTCGRP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP FMTCGRP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to FMTCGRP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the FMTCGRP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_FMTCGRP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF FMTCGRP,
      WA_FMTCGRP TYPE FMTCGRP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FMTCGRP> TYPE FMTCGRP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_FMTCGRP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM FMTCGRP
  INTO TABLE IT_FMTCGRP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM FMTCGRP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_FMTCGRP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_FMTCGRP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_FMTCGRP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_FMTCGRP ASSIGNING <FMTCGRP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<FMTCGRP>-WRTTP = 1.
<FMTCGRP>-GNJHR = 1.
<FMTCGRP>-FRGRP = 1.
<FMTCGRP>-FRGTXT = 1.
<FMTCGRP>-TWAER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_FMTCGRP INTO WA_FMTCGRP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_FMTCGRP-BUDGET, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTCGRP-RELEASED, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTCGRP-LLOCK, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTCGRP-REBLE, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTCGRP-LLBLE, sy-vline,
  WA_FMTCGRP-INPUT_LOCK, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_FMTCGRP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_FMTCGRP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_FMTCGRP INTO WA_FMTCGRP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field WRTTP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMTCGRP-WRTTP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMTCGRP-WRTTP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GNJHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_FMTCGRP-GNJHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_FMTCGRP-GNJHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_FMTCGRP_STR, 
WRTTP TYPE STRING,
GNJHR TYPE STRING,
FRGRP TYPE STRING,
FRGTXT TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
BUDGET TYPE STRING,
RELEASED TYPE STRING,
LLOCK TYPE STRING,
REBLE TYPE STRING,
LLBLE TYPE STRING,
INPUT_LOCK TYPE STRING,
INPUT_PCLL TYPE STRING,
INPUT_REL TYPE STRING,
INPUT_PC TYPE STRING,
DISTR TYPE STRING,
CHANGED TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_FMTCGRP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-WRTTP sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-GNJHR sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-FRGRP sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-FRGTXT sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-BUDGET sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-RELEASED sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-LLOCK sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-REBLE sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-LLBLE sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-INPUT_LOCK sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-INPUT_PCLL sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-INPUT_REL sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-INPUT_PC sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-DISTR sy-vline 
WA_FMTCGRP_STR-CHANGED sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.