ABAP Select data from SAP table GBGMK into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GBGMK table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GBGMK. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GBGMK table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GBGMK TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GBGMK,
      WA_GBGMK TYPE GBGMK,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GBGMK> TYPE GBGMK.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GBGMK.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GBGMK
  INTO TABLE IT_GBGMK.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GBGMK
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GBGMK2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GBGMK INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GBGMK2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GBGMK ASSIGNING <GBGMK>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GBGMK>-AENKZ = 1.
<GBGMK>-PRTKZ = 1.
<GBGMK>-GAKTX = 1.
<GBGMK>-KZLTX = 1.
<GBGMK>-SPRAS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GBGMK INTO WA_GBGMK.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GBGMK-KZMLA, sy-vline,
  WA_GBGMK-MANDT, sy-vline,
  WA_GBGMK-MGANR, sy-vline,
  WA_GBGMK-DATAB, sy-vline,
  WA_GBGMK-DATBI, sy-vline,
  WA_GBGMK-EXGAR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GBGMK you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GBGMK TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GBGMK INTO WA_GBGMK.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GBGMK-SPRAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GBGMK-SPRAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MGANR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GBGMK-MGANR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GBGMK-MGANR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GBGMK-LANGE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GBGMK-LANGE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GBGMK_STR, 
AENKZ TYPE STRING,
PRTKZ TYPE STRING,
GAKTX TYPE STRING,
KZLTX TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,
KZMLA TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MGANR TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
EXGAR TYPE STRING,
GASOR TYPE STRING,
GAGRP TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
ERZEI TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
AEZEI TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
BEGRU TYPE STRING,
LVORM TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
PARGR TYPE STRING,
GAART TYPE STRING,
LANGE TYPE STRING,
GAERB TYPE STRING,
VGLPA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GBGMK_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GBGMK_STR-AENKZ sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-PRTKZ sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-GAKTX sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-KZLTX sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-SPRAS sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-KZMLA sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-MGANR sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-EXGAR sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-GASOR sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-GAGRP sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-ERZEI sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-AEZEI sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-BEGRU sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-LVORM sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-PARGR sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-GAART sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-LANGE sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-GAERB sy-vline 
WA_GBGMK_STR-VGLPA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.