ABAP Select data from SAP table GMFMRECS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP GMFMRECS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to GMFMRECS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the GMFMRECS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_GMFMRECS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF GMFMRECS,
      WA_GMFMRECS TYPE GMFMRECS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <GMFMRECS> TYPE GMFMRECS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_GMFMRECS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM GMFMRECS
  INTO TABLE IT_GMFMRECS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM GMFMRECS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_GMFMRECS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_GMFMRECS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_GMFMRECS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_GMFMRECS ASSIGNING <GMFMRECS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<GMFMRECS>-CLIENT = 1.
<GMFMRECS>-GRANT_NBR = 1.
<GMFMRECS>-FUND = 1.
<GMFMRECS>-SPONSORED_PROG = 1.
<GMFMRECS>-SPONSORED_CLASS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_GMFMRECS INTO WA_GMFMRECS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_GMFMRECS-FM_AREA, sy-vline,
  WA_GMFMRECS-FISCYEAR, sy-vline,
  WA_GMFMRECS-FUNDSCTR, sy-vline,
  WA_GMFMRECS-FUNCAREA, sy-vline,
  WA_GMFMRECS-MEASURE, sy-vline,
  WA_GMFMRECS-CMMTITEM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_GMFMRECS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_GMFMRECS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_GMFMRECS INTO WA_GMFMRECS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GMFMRECS-GRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GMFMRECS-GRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FISCYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GMFMRECS-FISCYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GMFMRECS-FISCYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field CMMTITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_GMFMRECS-CMMTITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_GMFMRECS-CMMTITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_GMFMRECS_STR, 
CLIENT TYPE STRING,
GRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
FUND TYPE STRING,
SPONSORED_PROG TYPE STRING,
SPONSORED_CLASS TYPE STRING,
FM_AREA TYPE STRING,
FISCYEAR TYPE STRING,
FUNDSCTR TYPE STRING,
FUNCAREA TYPE STRING,
MEASURE TYPE STRING,
CMMTITEM TYPE STRING,
RECSHARE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_GMFMRECS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-CLIENT sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-GRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-FUND sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-SPONSORED_PROG sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-SPONSORED_CLASS sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-FM_AREA sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-FISCYEAR sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-FUNDSCTR sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-FUNCAREA sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-MEASURE sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-CMMTITEM sy-vline 
WA_GMFMRECS_STR-RECSHARE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.