ABAP Select data from SAP table ICAINVDOC_S into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ICAINVDOC_S table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ICAINVDOC_S. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ICAINVDOC_S table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ICAINVDOC_S TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ICAINVDOC_S,
      WA_ICAINVDOC_S TYPE ICAINVDOC_S,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ICAINVDOC_S> TYPE ICAINVDOC_S.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ICAINVDOC_S.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ICAINVDOC_S
  INTO TABLE IT_ICAINVDOC_S.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ICAINVDOC_S
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ICAINVDOC_S2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ICAINVDOC_S INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ICAINVDOC_S2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ICAINVDOC_S ASSIGNING <ICAINVDOC_S>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ICAINVDOC_S>-MANDT = 1.
<ICAINVDOC_S>-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTCAT = 1.
<ICAINVDOC_S>-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTNUMBER = 1.
<ICAINVDOC_S>-CAINVOICINGDOCUMENT = 1.
<ICAINVDOC_S>-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTTYPE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ICAINVDOC_S INTO WA_ICAINVDOC_S.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ICAINVDOC_S-LOGICALSYSTEM, sy-vline,
  WA_ICAINVDOC_S-CAAPPLICATIONAREA, sy-vline,
  WA_ICAINVDOC_S-CAINVCGISDOCUMENTPOSTED, sy-vline,
  WA_ICAINVDOC_S-CAINVCGISDOCUMENTSIMULATED, sy-vline,
  WA_ICAINVDOC_S-CAINVCGISDOCUMENTPRELIMINARY, sy-vline,
  WA_ICAINVDOC_S-CAINVCGREVERSALDOCUMENT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ICAINVDOC_S you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ICAINVDOC_S TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ICAINVDOC_S INTO WA_ICAINVDOC_S.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTNUMBER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ICAINVDOC_S-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTNUMBER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ICAINVDOC_S-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTNUMBER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGICALSYSTEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ICAINVDOC_S-LOGICALSYSTEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ICAINVDOC_S-LOGICALSYSTEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ICAINVDOC_S_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTCAT TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTNUMBER TYPE STRING,
CAINVOICINGDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTTYPE TYPE STRING,
LOGICALSYSTEM TYPE STRING,
CAAPPLICATIONAREA TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGISDOCUMENTPOSTED TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGISDOCUMENTSIMULATED TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGISDOCUMENTPRELIMINARY TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGREVERSALDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGREVERSEDDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGCREATIONDATE TYPE STRING,
CAINVCGCREATIONTIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTCAT sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVOICINGDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGSOURCEDOCUMENTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-LOGICALSYSTEM sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAAPPLICATIONAREA sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGISDOCUMENTPOSTED sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGISDOCUMENTSIMULATED sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGISDOCUMENTPRELIMINARY sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGREVERSALDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGREVERSEDDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGCREATIONDATE sy-vline 
WA_ICAINVDOC_S_STR-CAINVCGCREATIONTIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.