ABAP Select data from SAP table ICALPH into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ICALPH table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ICALPH. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ICALPH table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ICALPH TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ICALPH,
      WA_ICALPH TYPE ICALPH,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ICALPH> TYPE ICALPH.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ICALPH.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ICALPH
  INTO TABLE IT_ICALPH.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ICALPH
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ICALPH2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ICALPH INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ICALPH2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ICALPH ASSIGNING <ICALPH>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ICALPH>-PUBLICHOLIDAYCALENDAR = 1.
<ICALPH>-CALENDARYEAR = 1.
<ICALPH>-MONTH01HOLIDAYSSTRING = 1.
<ICALPH>-MONTH02HOLIDAYSSTRING = 1.
<ICALPH>-MONTH03HOLIDAYSSTRING = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ICALPH INTO WA_ICALPH.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ICALPH-MONTH04HOLIDAYSSTRING, sy-vline,
  WA_ICALPH-MONTH05HOLIDAYSSTRING, sy-vline,
  WA_ICALPH-MONTH06HOLIDAYSSTRING, sy-vline,
  WA_ICALPH-MONTH07HOLIDAYSSTRING, sy-vline,
  WA_ICALPH-MONTH08HOLIDAYSSTRING, sy-vline,
  WA_ICALPH-MONTH09HOLIDAYSSTRING, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ICALPH you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ICALPH TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ICALPH INTO WA_ICALPH.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field CALENDARYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ICALPH-CALENDARYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ICALPH-CALENDARYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ICALPH_STR, 
PUBLICHOLIDAYCALENDAR TYPE STRING,
CALENDARYEAR TYPE STRING,
MONTH01HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH02HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH03HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH04HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH05HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH06HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH07HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH08HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH09HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH10HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH11HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
MONTH12HOLIDAYSSTRING TYPE STRING,
NUMBEROFHOLIDAYS TYPE STRING,
NUMBEROFHOLIDAYSONSATURDAY TYPE STRING,
NUMBEROFHOLIDAYSONSUNDAY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ICALPH_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ICALPH_STR-PUBLICHOLIDAYCALENDAR sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-CALENDARYEAR sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH01HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH02HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH03HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH04HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH05HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH06HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH07HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH08HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH09HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH10HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH11HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-MONTH12HOLIDAYSSTRING sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-NUMBEROFHOLIDAYS sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-NUMBEROFHOLIDAYSONSATURDAY sy-vline 
WA_ICALPH_STR-NUMBEROFHOLIDAYSONSUNDAY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.