ABAP Select data from SAP table ICHANGEMASTER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ICHANGEMASTER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ICHANGEMASTER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ICHANGEMASTER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ICHANGEMASTER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ICHANGEMASTER,
      WA_ICHANGEMASTER TYPE ICHANGEMASTER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ICHANGEMASTER> TYPE ICHANGEMASTER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ICHANGEMASTER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ICHANGEMASTER
  INTO TABLE IT_ICHANGEMASTER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ICHANGEMASTER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ICHANGEMASTER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ICHANGEMASTER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ICHANGEMASTER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ICHANGEMASTER ASSIGNING <ICHANGEMASTER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ICHANGEMASTER>-MANDT = 1.
<ICHANGEMASTER>-CHANGENUMBER = 1.
<ICHANGEMASTER>-CHANGENUMBERSTATUS = 1.
<ICHANGEMASTER>-AUTHORIZATIONGROUP = 1.
<ICHANGEMASTER>-CHANGENUMBERFUNCTION = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ICHANGEMASTER INTO WA_ICHANGEMASTER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ICHANGEMASTER-ISTECHNICALLYRELEASED, sy-vline,
  WA_ICHANGEMASTER-CHANGENUMBERRELEASEKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_ICHANGEMASTER-REASONFORCHANGETEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_ICHANGEMASTER-CHANGENUMBERDESCRIPTION, sy-vline,
  WA_ICHANGEMASTER-CHANGENUMBERVALIDFROMDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_ICHANGEMASTER-CHANGENUMBERCREATIONDATE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ICHANGEMASTER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ICHANGEMASTER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ICHANGEMASTER INTO WA_ICHANGEMASTER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CHANGENUMBER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_ICHANGEMASTER-CHANGENUMBER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_ICHANGEMASTER-CHANGENUMBER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ICHANGEMASTER_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBER TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERSTATUS TYPE STRING,
AUTHORIZATIONGROUP TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERFUNCTION TYPE STRING,
ISTECHNICALLYRELEASED TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERRELEASEKEY TYPE STRING,
REASONFORCHANGETEXT TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERDESCRIPTION TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERVALIDFROMDATE TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERCREATIONDATE TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERCREATEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERLASTCHANGEDDATE TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERLASTCHANGEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
ISUSEDFORDATADEFINITION TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERISMRKDFORDELETION TYPE STRING,
CHANGENUMBERLASTCHGDDATETIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBER sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-AUTHORIZATIONGROUP sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERFUNCTION sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-ISTECHNICALLYRELEASED sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERRELEASEKEY sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-REASONFORCHANGETEXT sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERDESCRIPTION sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERVALIDFROMDATE sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERCREATIONDATE sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERCREATEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERLASTCHANGEDDATE sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERLASTCHANGEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-ISUSEDFORDATADEFINITION sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERISMRKDFORDELETION sy-vline 
WA_ICHANGEMASTER_STR-CHANGENUMBERLASTCHGDDATETIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.