ABAP Select data from SAP table IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS,
      WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS TYPE IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS> TYPE IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS
  INTO TABLE IT_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS ASSIGNING <IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS>-MANDT = 1.
<IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS>-BUKRS = 1.
<IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS>-RUNDT = 1.
<IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS>-RUNID = 1.
<IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS>-POS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS INTO WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-RUNST, sy-vline,
  WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-RANL, sy-vline,
  WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-CATEGORY, sy-vline,
  WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-WRBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-BELNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS INTO WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STBLG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-STBLG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-STBLG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field STJAH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-STJAH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS-STJAH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RUNDT TYPE STRING,
RUNID TYPE STRING,
POS TYPE STRING,
RUNST TYPE STRING,
RANL TYPE STRING,
CATEGORY TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
STBLG TYPE STRING,
STJAH TYPE STRING,
RBUDAT TYPE STRING,
MSGTX TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-RUNDT sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-RUNID sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-POS sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-RUNST sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-RANL sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-CATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-STBLG sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-STJAH sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-RBUDAT sy-vline 
WA_IDCMLHU_14PSTPOS_STR-MSGTX sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.