ABAP Select data from SAP table IMATDOCHEADER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP IMATDOCHEADER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to IMATDOCHEADER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the IMATDOCHEADER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_IMATDOCHEADER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF IMATDOCHEADER,
      WA_IMATDOCHEADER TYPE IMATDOCHEADER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <IMATDOCHEADER> TYPE IMATDOCHEADER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_IMATDOCHEADER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM IMATDOCHEADER
  INTO TABLE IT_IMATDOCHEADER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM IMATDOCHEADER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_IMATDOCHEADER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_IMATDOCHEADER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_IMATDOCHEADER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_IMATDOCHEADER ASSIGNING <IMATDOCHEADER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<IMATDOCHEADER>-MANDT = 1.
<IMATDOCHEADER>-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR = 1.
<IMATDOCHEADER>-MATERIALDOCUMENT = 1.
<IMATDOCHEADER>-DOCUMENTDATE = 1.
<IMATDOCHEADER>-POSTINGDATE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_IMATDOCHEADER INTO WA_IMATDOCHEADER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_IMATDOCHEADER-ACCOUNTINGDOCUMENTTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_IMATDOCHEADER-INVENTORYTRANSACTIONTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_IMATDOCHEADER-CREATEDBYUSER, sy-vline,
  WA_IMATDOCHEADER-CREATIONDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_IMATDOCHEADER-CREATIONTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_IMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENTHEADERTEXT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_IMATDOCHEADER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_IMATDOCHEADER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_IMATDOCHEADER INTO WA_IMATDOCHEADER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MATERIALDOCUMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMATDOCHEADER-MATERIALDOCUMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DELIVERYDOCUMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_IMATDOCHEADER-DELIVERYDOCUMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_IMATDOCHEADER-DELIVERYDOCUMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_IMATDOCHEADER_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR TYPE STRING,
MATERIALDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTDATE TYPE STRING,
POSTINGDATE TYPE STRING,
ACCOUNTINGDOCUMENTTYPE TYPE STRING,
INVENTORYTRANSACTIONTYPE TYPE STRING,
CREATEDBYUSER TYPE STRING,
CREATIONDATE TYPE STRING,
CREATIONTIME TYPE STRING,
MATERIALDOCUMENTHEADERTEXT TYPE STRING,
DELIVERYDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
REFERENCEDOCUMENT TYPE STRING,
BILLOFLADING TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-MATERIALDOCUMENTYEAR sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-MATERIALDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-DOCUMENTDATE sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-POSTINGDATE sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-ACCOUNTINGDOCUMENTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-INVENTORYTRANSACTIONTYPE sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-CREATEDBYUSER sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-CREATIONDATE sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-CREATIONTIME sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-MATERIALDOCUMENTHEADERTEXT sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-DELIVERYDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-REFERENCEDOCUMENT sy-vline 
WA_IMATDOCHEADER_STR-BILLOFLADING sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.