ABAP Select data from SAP table LEIN into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP LEIN table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to LEIN. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the LEIN table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_LEIN TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF LEIN,
      WA_LEIN TYPE LEIN,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <LEIN> TYPE LEIN.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_LEIN.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM LEIN
  INTO TABLE IT_LEIN.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM LEIN
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_LEIN2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_LEIN INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_LEIN2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_LEIN ASSIGNING <LEIN>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<LEIN>-MANDT = 1.
<LEIN>-LENUM = 1.
<LEIN>-LGNUM = 1.
<LEIN>-LETYP = 1.
<LEIN>-LGTYP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_LEIN INTO WA_LEIN.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_LEIN-LGPLA, sy-vline,
  WA_LEIN-SKZUA, sy-vline,
  WA_LEIN-SKZUE, sy-vline,
  WA_LEIN-SPGRU, sy-vline,
  WA_LEIN-STATU, sy-vline,
  WA_LEIN-ANZQU, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_LEIN you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_LEIN TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_LEIN INTO WA_LEIN.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit LENUM, internal->external for field LENUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_LENUM_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LEIN-LENUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LEIN-LENUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEWEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LEIN-GEWEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LEIN-GEWEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LEIN-REFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LEIN-REFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_LEIN-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_LEIN-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_LEIN_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LENUM TYPE STRING,
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
LETYP TYPE STRING,
LGTYP TYPE STRING,
LGPLA TYPE STRING,
SKZUA TYPE STRING,
SKZUE TYPE STRING,
SPGRU TYPE STRING,
STATU TYPE STRING,
ANZQU TYPE STRING,
BDATU TYPE STRING,
BZEIT TYPE STRING,
BTANR TYPE STRING,
BTAPS TYPE STRING,
MGEWI TYPE STRING,
GEWEI TYPE STRING,
PLPOS TYPE STRING,
AOFTA TYPE STRING,
REFNR TYPE STRING,
UVTYP TYPE STRING,
UVPLA TYPE STRING,
KKAPV TYPE STRING,
OKAPV TYPE STRING,
NPLEI TYPE STRING,
UVPOS TYPE STRING,
UVQNR TYPE STRING,
WETYP TYPE STRING,
WEPLA TYPE STRING,
WESTA TYPE STRING,
WEAQU TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_LEIN_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_LEIN_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-LENUM sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-LETYP sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-LGTYP sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-LGPLA sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-SKZUA sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-SKZUE sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-SPGRU sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-STATU sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-ANZQU sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-BDATU sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-BZEIT sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-BTANR sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-BTAPS sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-MGEWI sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-GEWEI sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-PLPOS sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-AOFTA sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-REFNR sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-UVTYP sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-UVPLA sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-KKAPV sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-OKAPV sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-NPLEI sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-UVPOS sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-UVQNR sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-WETYP sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-WEPLA sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-WESTA sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-WEAQU sy-vline 
WA_LEIN_STR-VBELN sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.