ABAP Select data from SAP table M_QPMKS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP M_QPMKS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to M_QPMKS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the M_QPMKS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_M_QPMKS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF M_QPMKS,
      WA_M_QPMKS TYPE M_QPMKS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <M_QPMKS> TYPE M_QPMKS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_M_QPMKS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM M_QPMKS
  INTO TABLE IT_M_QPMKS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM M_QPMKS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_M_QPMKS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_M_QPMKS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_M_QPMKS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_M_QPMKS ASSIGNING <M_QPMKS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<M_QPMKS>-MANDT = 1.
<M_QPMKS>-SORTFELD = 1.
<M_QPMKS>-ZAEHLER = 1.
<M_QPMKS>-MKMNR = 1.
<M_QPMKS>-VERSION = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_M_QPMKS INTO WA_M_QPMKS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_M_QPMKS-GUELTIGAB, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QPMKS-KONSISTENT, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QPMKS-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QPMKS-STEUERKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QPMKS-DUMMY10, sy-vline,
  WA_M_QPMKS-DUMMY20, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_M_QPMKS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_M_QPMKS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_M_QPMKS INTO WA_M_QPMKS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MKMNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_QPMKS-MKMNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_QPMKS-MKMNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_M_QPMKS-VERSION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_M_QPMKS-VERSION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_M_QPMKS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SORTFELD TYPE STRING,
ZAEHLER TYPE STRING,
MKMNR TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
GUELTIGAB TYPE STRING,
KONSISTENT TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
STEUERKZ TYPE STRING,
DUMMY10 TYPE STRING,
DUMMY20 TYPE STRING,
DUMMY40 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_M_QPMKS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-SORTFELD sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-ZAEHLER sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-MKMNR sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-GUELTIGAB sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-KONSISTENT sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-STEUERKZ sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-DUMMY10 sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-DUMMY20 sy-vline 
WA_M_QPMKS_STR-DUMMY40 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.