ABAP Select data from SAP table MDCD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MDCD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MDCD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MDCD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MDCD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MDCD,
      WA_MDCD TYPE MDCD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MDCD> TYPE MDCD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MDCD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MDCD
  INTO TABLE IT_MDCD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MDCD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MDCD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MDCD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MDCD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MDCD ASSIGNING <MDCD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MDCD>-GSMNG = 1.
<MDCD>-AVMNG = 1.
<MDCD>-MEINS = 1.
<MDCD>-PSTTR = 1.
<MDCD>-PEDTR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MDCD INTO WA_MDCD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MDCD-PERTR, sy-vline,
  WA_MDCD-VERID, sy-vline,
  WA_MDCD-SEQNR, sy-vline,
  WA_MDCD-PAFIX, sy-vline,
  WA_MDCD-PAFXL, sy-vline,
  WA_MDCD-PSFIX, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MDCD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MDCD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MDCD INTO WA_MDCD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDCD-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDCD-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ERFME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDCD-ERFME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDCD-ERFME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MDCD_STR, 
GSMNG TYPE STRING,
AVMNG TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
PSTTR TYPE STRING,
PEDTR TYPE STRING,
PERTR TYPE STRING,
VERID TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
PAFIX TYPE STRING,
PAFXL TYPE STRING,
PSFIX TYPE STRING,
PSFXL TYPE STRING,
PWWRK TYPE STRING,
SERNR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
BKTXT TYPE STRING,
ALORT TYPE STRING,
ACHARG TYPE STRING,
ERFMG TYPE STRING,
ERFME TYPE STRING,
AUSMG TYPE STRING,
GRUND TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MDCD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MDCD_STR-GSMNG sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-AVMNG sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PSTTR sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PEDTR sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PERTR sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-VERID sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PAFIX sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PAFXL sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PSFIX sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PSFXL sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-PWWRK sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-SERNR sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-BKTXT sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-ALORT sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-ACHARG sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-ERFMG sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-ERFME sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-AUSMG sy-vline 
WA_MDCD_STR-GRUND sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.