ABAP Select data from SAP table MDRELA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MDRELA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MDRELA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MDRELA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MDRELA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MDRELA,
      WA_MDRELA TYPE MDRELA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MDRELA> TYPE MDRELA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MDRELA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MDRELA
  INTO TABLE IT_MDRELA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MDRELA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MDRELA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MDRELA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MDRELA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MDRELA ASSIGNING <MDRELA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MDRELA>-MANDT = 1.
<MDRELA>-MATNR = 1.
<MDRELA>-RESWK = 1.
<MDRELA>-EBELN = 1.
<MDRELA>-EBELP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MDRELA INTO WA_MDRELA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MDRELA-ETENS, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRELA-BSTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRELA-LOEKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRELA-STATU, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRELA-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRELA-LGORT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MDRELA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MDRELA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MDRELA INTO WA_MDRELA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDRELA-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDRELA-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDRELA-EBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDRELA-EBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDRELA-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDRELA-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field REVLV
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDRELA-REVLV
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDRELA-REVLV.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MDRELA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
RESWK TYPE STRING,
EBELN TYPE STRING,
EBELP TYPE STRING,
ETENS TYPE STRING,
BSTYP TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
STATU TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
UMREZ TYPE STRING,
UMREN TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
ELIKZ TYPE STRING,
PSTYP TYPE STRING,
KNTTP TYPE STRING,
REVLV TYPE STRING,
UPTYP TYPE STRING,
BERID TYPE STRING,
RESLO TYPE STRING,
EINDT TYPE STRING,
UZEIT TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
DABMG TYPE STRING,
ESTKZ TYPE STRING,
KZDIS TYPE STRING,
CHARG TYPE STRING,
FLS_RSTO TYPE STRING,
SPE_INSMK_SRC TYPE STRING,
SOBKZ TYPE STRING,
UMSOK TYPE STRING,
KZVBR TYPE STRING,
KZBWS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MDRELA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MDRELA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-RESWK sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-EBELN sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-EBELP sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-ETENS sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-BSTYP sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-STATU sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-UMREZ sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-UMREN sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-ELIKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-PSTYP sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-KNTTP sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-REVLV sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-UPTYP sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-BERID sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-RESLO sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-EINDT sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-UZEIT sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-DABMG sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-ESTKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-KZDIS sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-CHARG sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-FLS_RSTO sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-SPE_INSMK_SRC sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-SOBKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-UMSOK sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-KZVBR sy-vline 
WA_MDRELA_STR-KZBWS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.