ABAP Select data from SAP table ORATS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP ORATS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to ORATS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the ORATS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_ORATS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ORATS,
      WA_ORATS TYPE ORATS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <ORATS> TYPE ORATS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_ORATS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM ORATS
  INTO TABLE IT_ORATS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM ORATS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_ORATS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_ORATS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_ORATS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_ORATS ASSIGNING <ORATS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<ORATS>-TABSPACE = 1.
<ORATS>-INIT = 1.
<ORATS>-NEXT = 1.
<ORATS>-MINEXT = 1.
<ORATS>-MAXEXT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_ORATS INTO WA_ORATS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_ORATS-PCTINC, sy-vline,
  WA_ORATS-OFREELIST, sy-vline,
  WA_ORATS-OFREEGROUP, sy-vline,
  WA_ORATS-OPCTFREE, sy-vline,
  WA_ORATS-OPCTUSED, sy-vline,
  WA_ORATS-INITRANS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_ORATS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_ORATS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_ORATS INTO WA_ORATS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_ORATS_STR, 
TABSPACE TYPE STRING,
INIT TYPE STRING,
NEXT TYPE STRING,
MINEXT TYPE STRING,
MAXEXT TYPE STRING,
PCTINC TYPE STRING,
OFREELIST TYPE STRING,
OFREEGROUP TYPE STRING,
OPCTFREE TYPE STRING,
OPCTUSED TYPE STRING,
INITRANS TYPE STRING,
INDEXORG TYPE STRING,
PARTBY TYPE STRING,
SUBPARTBY TYPE STRING,
DEFAULT TYPE STRING,
COMPR_CLAUSE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_ORATS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_ORATS_STR-TABSPACE sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-INIT sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-NEXT sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-MINEXT sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-MAXEXT sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-PCTINC sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-OFREELIST sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-OFREEGROUP sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-OPCTFREE sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-OPCTUSED sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-INITRANS sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-INDEXORG sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-PARTBY sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-SUBPARTBY sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-DEFAULT sy-vline 
WA_ORATS_STR-COMPR_CLAUSE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.