ABAP Select data from SAP table P21_KERKI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P21_KERKI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P21_KERKI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P21_KERKI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P21_KERKI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P21_KERKI,
      WA_P21_KERKI TYPE P21_KERKI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P21_KERKI> TYPE P21_KERKI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P21_KERKI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P21_KERKI
  INTO TABLE IT_P21_KERKI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P21_KERKI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P21_KERKI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P21_KERKI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P21_KERKI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P21_KERKI ASSIGNING <P21_KERKI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P21_KERKI>-PERNR = 1.
<P21_KERKI>-BUKRS = 1.
<P21_KERKI>-WERKS = 1.
<P21_KERKI>-PERSG = 1.
<P21_KERKI>-PERSK = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P21_KERKI INTO WA_P21_KERKI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P21_KERKI-VDSK1, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_KERKI-GSBER, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_KERKI-BTRTL, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_KERKI-JUPER, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_KERKI-ABKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_KERKI-ANSVH, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P21_KERKI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P21_KERKI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P21_KERKI INTO WA_P21_KERKI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P21_KERKI-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P21_KERKI-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P21_KERKI-GRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P21_KERKI-GRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SGMNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P21_KERKI-SGMNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P21_KERKI-SGMNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P21_KERKI_STR, 
PERNR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
PERSG TYPE STRING,
PERSK TYPE STRING,
VDSK1 TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
BTRTL TYPE STRING,
JUPER TYPE STRING,
ABKRS TYPE STRING,
ANSVH TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
ORGEH TYPE STRING,
PLANS TYPE STRING,
STELL TYPE STRING,
MSTBR TYPE STRING,
SACHA TYPE STRING,
SACHP TYPE STRING,
SACHZ TYPE STRING,
SNAME TYPE STRING,
ENAME TYPE STRING,
OTYPE TYPE STRING,
SBMOD TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
FISTL TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
FKBER TYPE STRING,
GRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
SGMNT TYPE STRING,
BUDGET_PD TYPE STRING,
WOSTD TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
MAX_NAPOK TYPE STRING,
NAPOK TYPE STRING,
MAX_SZUN TYPE STRING,
SZUN_NAP TYPE STRING,
MAX_ILLETMENY TYPE STRING,
ILLETMENY TYPE STRING,
MAX_KIEG TYPE STRING,
KIEG TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P21_KERKI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-PERSG sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-PERSK sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-VDSK1 sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-BTRTL sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-JUPER sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-ABKRS sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-ANSVH sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-ORGEH sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-PLANS sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-STELL sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-MSTBR sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-SACHA sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-SACHP sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-SACHZ sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-SNAME sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-ENAME sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-OTYPE sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-SBMOD sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-FISTL sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-FKBER sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-GRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-SGMNT sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-BUDGET_PD sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-WOSTD sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-MAX_NAPOK sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-NAPOK sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-MAX_SZUN sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-SZUN_NAP sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-MAX_ILLETMENY sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-ILLETMENY sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-MAX_KIEG sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-KIEG sy-vline 
WA_P21_KERKI_STR-WAERS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.