ABAP Select data from SAP table P21M6 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P21M6 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P21M6. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P21M6 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P21M6 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P21M6,
      WA_P21M6 TYPE P21M6,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P21M6> TYPE P21M6.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P21M6.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P21M6
  INTO TABLE IT_P21M6.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P21M6
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P21M62).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P21M6 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P21M62).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P21M6 ASSIGNING <P21M6>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P21M6>-PERNR = 1.
<P21M6>-TAREV = 1.
<P21M6>-JOGVO = 1.
<P21M6>-JOGSZ = 1.
<P21M6>-TITEL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P21M6 INTO WA_P21M6.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P21M6-BINEV, sy-vline,
  WA_P21M6-SZNEV, sy-vline,
  WA_P21M6-ELNEV, sy-vline,
  WA_P21M6-MUNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_P21M6-AMKOD, sy-vline,
  WA_P21M6-AMTXT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P21M6 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P21M6 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P21M6 INTO WA_P21M6.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit PDATE, internal->external for field SZULI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PDATE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P21M6-SZULI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P21M6-SZULI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P21M6_STR, 
PERNR TYPE STRING,
TAREV TYPE STRING,
JOGVO TYPE STRING,
JOGSZ TYPE STRING,
TITEL TYPE STRING,
BINEV TYPE STRING,
SZNEV TYPE STRING,
ELNEV TYPE STRING,
MUNAM TYPE STRING,
AMKOD TYPE STRING,
AMTXT TYPE STRING,
BINEM TYPE STRING,
SVNUM TYPE STRING,
NATIO TYPE STRING,
SZULH TYPE STRING,
SZULI TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P21M6_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P21M6_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-TAREV sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-JOGVO sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-JOGSZ sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-TITEL sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-BINEV sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-SZNEV sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-ELNEV sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-MUNAM sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-AMKOD sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-AMTXT sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-BINEM sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-SVNUM sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-NATIO sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-SZULH sy-vline 
WA_P21M6_STR-SZULI sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.