ABAP Select data from SAP table PC20T into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PC20T table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PC20T. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PC20T table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PC20T TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PC20T,
      WA_PC20T TYPE PC20T,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PC20T> TYPE PC20T.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PC20T.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PC20T
  INTO TABLE IT_PC20T.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PC20T
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PC20T2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PC20T INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PC20T2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PC20T ASSIGNING <PC20T>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PC20T>-CNTR2 = 1.
<PC20T>-BEGDA = 1.
<PC20T>-ENDDA = 1.
<PC20T>-KANTO = 1.
<PC20T>-GEMND = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PC20T INTO WA_PC20T.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PC20T-QSTPF, sy-vline,
  WA_PC20T-QSTAB, sy-vline,
  WA_PC20T-QSPRO, sy-vline,
  WA_PC20T-QSBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_PC20T-INAKTIV, sy-vline,
  WA_PC20T-QSPROEF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PC20T you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PC20T TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PC20T INTO WA_PC20T.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PC20T_STR, 
CNTR2 TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
KANTO TYPE STRING,
GEMND TYPE STRING,
QSTPF TYPE STRING,
QSTAB TYPE STRING,
QSPRO TYPE STRING,
QSBTR TYPE STRING,
INAKTIV TYPE STRING,
QSPROEF TYPE STRING,
AKANT TYPE STRING,
MA3GB TYPE STRING,
MAB3G TYPE STRING,
NEBEN TYPE STRING,
ANDBE TYPE STRING,
CONCU TYPE STRING,
PRSCA TYPE STRING,
QSTABEF TYPE STRING,
DIF_MUNIDLIVING TYPE STRING,
ANNUI TYPE STRING,
BEVMOD TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PC20T_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PC20T_STR-CNTR2 sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-KANTO sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-GEMND sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-QSTPF sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-QSTAB sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-QSPRO sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-QSBTR sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-INAKTIV sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-QSPROEF sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-AKANT sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-MA3GB sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-MAB3G sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-NEBEN sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-ANDBE sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-CONCU sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-PRSCA sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-QSTABEF sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-DIF_MUNIDLIVING sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-ANNUI sy-vline 
WA_PC20T_STR-BEVMOD sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.