ABAP Select data from SAP table PC251 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PC251 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PC251. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PC251 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PC251 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PC251,
      WA_PC251 TYPE PC251,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PC251> TYPE PC251.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PC251.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PC251
  INTO TABLE IT_PC251.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PC251
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PC2512).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PC251 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PC2512).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PC251 ASSIGNING <PC251>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PC251>-LANSP = 1.
<PC251>-BEGDA = 1.
<PC251>-ENDDA = 1.
<PC251>-SPASA = 1.
<PC251>-AANS1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PC251 INTO WA_PC251.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PC251-VGAAN, sy-vline,
  WA_PC251-VGSPA, sy-vline,
  WA_PC251-BETRS, sy-vline,
  WA_PC251-BETRR, sy-vline,
  WA_PC251-EMFSS, sy-vline,
  WA_PC251-EMFTS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PC251 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PC251 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PC251 INTO WA_PC251.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PC251_STR, 
LANSP TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
SPASA TYPE STRING,
AANS1 TYPE STRING,
VGAAN TYPE STRING,
VGSPA TYPE STRING,
BETRS TYPE STRING,
BETRR TYPE STRING,
EMFSS TYPE STRING,
EMFTS TYPE STRING,
BKPLS TYPE STRING,
BKORS TYPE STRING,
BASKS TYPE STRING,
BASKL TYPE STRING,
BASKN TYPE STRING,
ZLSCS TYPE STRING,
ZWECK TYPE STRING,
DOELU TYPE STRING,
BETRU TYPE STRING,
EMFSU TYPE STRING,
EMFTU TYPE STRING,
BKPLU TYPE STRING,
BKORU TYPE STRING,
BAUKS TYPE STRING,
BAUKL TYPE STRING,
BAUKN TYPE STRING,
ZLSCU TYPE STRING,
AANTJ TYPE STRING,
LLVLK TYPE STRING,
DEBIT TYPE STRING,
IAAN1 TYPE STRING,
ZANZL TYPE STRING,
ZFPER TYPE STRING,
LLRGR TYPE STRING,
BDRWG TYPE STRING,
WGBSU TYPE STRING,
LLUBB TYPE STRING,
PCTWN TYPE STRING,
PCTWG TYPE STRING,
BETRB TYPE STRING,
PWNBB TYPE STRING,
INTBB TYPE STRING,
ESPBB TYPE STRING,
FWGBB TYPE STRING,
SRPER TYPE STRING,
IBANS TYPE STRING,
IBANU TYPE STRING,
NOTAX TYPE STRING,
DUMMY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PC251_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PC251_STR-LANSP sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-SPASA sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-AANS1 sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-VGAAN sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-VGSPA sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BETRS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BETRR sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-EMFSS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-EMFTS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BKPLS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BKORS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BASKS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BASKL sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BASKN sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-ZLSCS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-ZWECK sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-DOELU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BETRU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-EMFSU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-EMFTU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BKPLU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BKORU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BAUKS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BAUKL sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BAUKN sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-ZLSCU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-AANTJ sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-LLVLK sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-DEBIT sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-IAAN1 sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-ZANZL sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-ZFPER sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-LLRGR sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BDRWG sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-WGBSU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-LLUBB sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-PCTWN sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-PCTWG sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-BETRB sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-PWNBB sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-INTBB sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-ESPBB sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-FWGBB sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-SRPER sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-IBANS sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-IBANU sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-NOTAX sy-vline 
WA_PC251_STR-DUMMY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.