ABAP Select data from SAP table PIQAGRHEADER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PIQAGRHEADER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PIQAGRHEADER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PIQAGRHEADER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PIQAGRHEADER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PIQAGRHEADER,
      WA_PIQAGRHEADER TYPE PIQAGRHEADER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PIQAGRHEADER> TYPE PIQAGRHEADER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PIQAGRHEADER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PIQAGRHEADER
  INTO TABLE IT_PIQAGRHEADER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PIQAGRHEADER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PIQAGRHEADER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PIQAGRHEADER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PIQAGRHEADER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PIQAGRHEADER ASSIGNING <PIQAGRHEADER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PIQAGRHEADER>-PLVAR = 1.
<PIQAGRHEADER>-OTYPE = 1.
<PIQAGRHEADER>-OBJID = 1.
<PIQAGRHEADER>-SHORT = 1.
<PIQAGRHEADER>-STEXT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PIQAGRHEADER INTO WA_PIQAGRHEADER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PIQAGRHEADER-TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_PIQAGRHEADER-CPMIN, sy-vline,
  WA_PIQAGRHEADER-CPOPT, sy-vline,
  WA_PIQAGRHEADER-CPMAX, sy-vline,
  WA_PIQAGRHEADER-CPUNIT, sy-vline,
  WA_PIQAGRHEADER-CPTEXT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PIQAGRHEADER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PIQAGRHEADER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PIQAGRHEADER INTO WA_PIQAGRHEADER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field CPUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PIQAGRHEADER-CPUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PIQAGRHEADER-CPUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PIQAGRHEADER_STR, 
PLVAR TYPE STRING,
OTYPE TYPE STRING,
OBJID TYPE STRING,
SHORT TYPE STRING,
STEXT TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
CPMIN TYPE STRING,
CPOPT TYPE STRING,
CPMAX TYPE STRING,
CPUNIT TYPE STRING,
CPTEXT TYPE STRING,
OBJID_E TYPE STRING,
TEXT_D TYPE STRING,
TEXT_VP TYPE STRING,
SMSTATUS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-PLVAR sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-OTYPE sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-OBJID sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-SHORT sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-STEXT sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-CPMIN sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-CPOPT sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-CPMAX sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-CPUNIT sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-CPTEXT sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-OBJID_E sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-TEXT_D sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-TEXT_VP sy-vline 
WA_PIQAGRHEADER_STR-SMSTATUS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.