ABAP Select data from SAP table PMECN into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PMECN table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PMECN. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PMECN table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PMECN TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PMECN,
      WA_PMECN TYPE PMECN,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PMECN> TYPE PMECN.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PMECN.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PMECN
  INTO TABLE IT_PMECN.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PMECN
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PMECN2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PMECN INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PMECN2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PMECN ASSIGNING <PMECN>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PMECN>-BUKRS = 1.
<PMECN>-WERKS = 1.
<PMECN>-PERSG = 1.
<PMECN>-PERSK = 1.
<PMECN>-VDSK1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PMECN INTO WA_PMECN.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PMECN-GSBER, sy-vline,
  WA_PMECN-BTRTL, sy-vline,
  WA_PMECN-JUPER, sy-vline,
  WA_PMECN-ABKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_PMECN-KOSTL, sy-vline,
  WA_PMECN-ORGEH, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PMECN you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PMECN TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PMECN INTO WA_PMECN.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PMECN-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PMECN-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PMECN_STR, 
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
PERSG TYPE STRING,
PERSK TYPE STRING,
VDSK1 TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
BTRTL TYPE STRING,
JUPER TYPE STRING,
ABKRS TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
ORGEH TYPE STRING,
PLANS TYPE STRING,
STELL TYPE STRING,
MSTBR TYPE STRING,
SACHA TYPE STRING,
SACHP TYPE STRING,
SACHZ TYPE STRING,
GESCH TYPE STRING,
NATIO TYPE STRING,
FAMST TYPE STRING,
PRCLS TYPE STRING,
PRIDN TYPE STRING,
FMBKG TYPE STRING,
RACKY TYPE STRING,
PCODE TYPE STRING,
TXARE TYPE STRING,
EETYP TYPE STRING,
MASSN TYPE STRING,
MASSG TYPE STRING,
CONPH TYPE STRING,
CONPI TYPE STRING,
CONUI TYPE STRING,
CONMI TYPE STRING,
CONII TYPE STRING,
CONBI TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PMECN_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PMECN_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-PERSG sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-PERSK sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-VDSK1 sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-BTRTL sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-JUPER sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-ABKRS sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-ORGEH sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-PLANS sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-STELL sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-MSTBR sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-SACHA sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-SACHP sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-SACHZ sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-GESCH sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-NATIO sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-FAMST sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-PRCLS sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-PRIDN sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-FMBKG sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-RACKY sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-PCODE sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-TXARE sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-EETYP sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-MASSN sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-MASSG sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-CONPH sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-CONPI sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-CONUI sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-CONMI sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-CONII sy-vline 
WA_PMECN_STR-CONBI sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.