ABAP Select data from SAP table Q0221 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP Q0221 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to Q0221. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the Q0221 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_Q0221 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF Q0221,
      WA_Q0221 TYPE Q0221,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <Q0221> TYPE Q0221.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_Q0221.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM Q0221
  INTO TABLE IT_Q0221.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM Q0221
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_Q02212).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_Q0221 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_Q02212).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_Q0221 ASSIGNING <Q0221>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<Q0221>-SUMBB = 1.
<Q0221>-SEQNR = 1.
<Q0221>-LGART = 1.
<Q0221>-LGTXT = 1.
<Q0221>-TAXAU = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_Q0221 INTO WA_Q0221.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_Q0221-LTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0221-BWGRL, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0221-ANZHL, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0221-BETRG, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0221-OPKEN, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0221-ADSUM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_Q0221 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_Q0221 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_Q0221 INTO WA_Q0221.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_Q0221_STR, 
SUMBB TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
LGART TYPE STRING,
LGTXT TYPE STRING,
TAXAU TYPE STRING,
LTEXT TYPE STRING,
BWGRL TYPE STRING,
ANZHL TYPE STRING,
BETRG TYPE STRING,
OPKEN TYPE STRING,
ADSUM TYPE STRING,
TXCMP TYPE STRING,
TCPTXT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
BAREA TYPE STRING,
BPLAN TYPE STRING,
DISTC TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_Q0221_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_Q0221_STR-SUMBB sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-LGART sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-LGTXT sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-TAXAU sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-LTEXT sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-BWGRL sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-ANZHL sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-BETRG sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-OPKEN sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-ADSUM sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-TXCMP sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-TCPTXT sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-BAREA sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-BPLAN sy-vline 
WA_Q0221_STR-DISTC sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.