ABAP Select data from SAP table QGRES into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP QGRES table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to QGRES. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the QGRES table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_QGRES TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF QGRES,
      WA_QGRES TYPE QGRES,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <QGRES> TYPE QGRES.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_QGRES.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM QGRES
  INTO TABLE IT_QGRES.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM QGRES
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_QGRES2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_QGRES INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_QGRES2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_QGRES ASSIGNING <QGRES>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<QGRES>-LOSZUSTAND = 1.
<QGRES>-HERKUNFT = 1.
<QGRES>-ART = 1.
<QGRES>-STATUSV = 1.
<QGRES>-STATUSR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_QGRES INTO WA_QGRES.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_QGRES-ATTRIBUT, sy-vline,
  WA_QGRES-CODE1, sy-vline,
  WA_QGRES-MBEWERTG, sy-vline,
  WA_QGRES-VBEWERTUNG, sy-vline,
  WA_QGRES-CODEVE, sy-vline,
  WA_QGRES-MITTELWERT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_QGRES you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_QGRES TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_QGRES INTO WA_QGRES.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MENGENEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QGRES-MENGENEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QGRES-MENGENEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field EINHPROBE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QGRES-EINHPROBE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QGRES-EINHPROBE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit LUNIT, internal->external for field MASSEINHSW
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_LUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QGRES-MASSEINHSW
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QGRES-MASSEINHSW.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MENGENEIIP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QGRES-MENGENEIIP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QGRES-MENGENEIIP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field TLMENGEEIN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QGRES-TLMENGEEIN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QGRES-TLMENGEEIN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_QGRES_STR, 
LOSZUSTAND TYPE STRING,
HERKUNFT TYPE STRING,
ART TYPE STRING,
STATUSV TYPE STRING,
STATUSR TYPE STRING,
ATTRIBUT TYPE STRING,
CODE1 TYPE STRING,
MBEWERTG TYPE STRING,
VBEWERTUNG TYPE STRING,
CODEVE TYPE STRING,
MITTELWERT TYPE STRING,
STANDARDAB TYPE STRING,
MAXWERT TYPE STRING,
MINWERT TYPE STRING,
VELTEXTKZ TYPE STRING,
MKLTEXTKZ TYPE STRING,
MENGENEINH TYPE STRING,
EINHPROBE TYPE STRING,
MASSEINHSW TYPE STRING,
LOSMENGE TYPE STRING,
GESSTICHPR TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
MENGE_A TYPE STRING,
MENGE_N TYPE STRING,
MENGENEIIP TYPE STRING,
IPSORTKEYF TYPE STRING,
IPSORTKEYV TYPE STRING,
PPTEILLOSK TYPE STRING,
TLMENGE TYPE STRING,
TLMENGEEIN TYPE STRING,
CODE TYPE STRING,
TLOSZUSTAN TYPE STRING,
TLVELTEXTK TYPE STRING,
FEHLERTEXT TYPE STRING,
KLASGRENZO TYPE STRING,
KLASGRENZU TYPE STRING,
MESSWERT TYPE STRING,
KZPRUEFBE TYPE STRING,
KZLTXTMK TYPE STRING,
KZLTXTVE TYPE STRING,
KZLTXTLO TYPE STRING,
KZTLSICHT TYPE STRING,
KZFEHLER TYPE STRING,
KZEINZELW TYPE STRING,
KZSTICHPR TYPE STRING,
KZKLASSEN TYPE STRING,
KZUNGSTPR TYPE STRING,
KZPRINT TYPE STRING,
QERGDATH TYPE STRING,
ERDATHETXT TYPE STRING,
KZDIGSIG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_QGRES_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_QGRES_STR-LOSZUSTAND sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-HERKUNFT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-ART sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-STATUSV sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-STATUSR sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-ATTRIBUT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-CODE1 sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MBEWERTG sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-VBEWERTUNG sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-CODEVE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MITTELWERT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-STANDARDAB sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MAXWERT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MINWERT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-VELTEXTKZ sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MKLTEXTKZ sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MENGENEINH sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-EINHPROBE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MASSEINHSW sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-LOSMENGE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-GESSTICHPR sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MENGE_A sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MENGE_N sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MENGENEIIP sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-IPSORTKEYF sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-IPSORTKEYV sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-PPTEILLOSK sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-TLMENGE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-TLMENGEEIN sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-CODE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-TLOSZUSTAN sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-TLVELTEXTK sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-FEHLERTEXT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KLASGRENZO sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KLASGRENZU sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-MESSWERT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZPRUEFBE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZLTXTMK sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZLTXTVE sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZLTXTLO sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZTLSICHT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZFEHLER sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZEINZELW sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZSTICHPR sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZKLASSEN sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZUNGSTPR sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZPRINT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-QERGDATH sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-ERDATHETXT sy-vline 
WA_QGRES_STR-KZDIGSIG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.