ABAP Select data from SAP table QMTBV into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP QMTBV table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to QMTBV. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the QMTBV table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_QMTBV TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF QMTBV,
      WA_QMTBV TYPE QMTBV,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <QMTBV> TYPE QMTBV.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_QMTBV.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM QMTBV
  INTO TABLE IT_QMTBV.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM QMTBV
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_QMTBV2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_QMTBV INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_QMTBV2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_QMTBV ASSIGNING <QMTBV>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<QMTBV>-MANDT = 1.
<QMTBV>-WERKS = 1.
<QMTBV>-PMTNR = 1.
<QMTBV>-VERSION = 1.
<QMTBV>-GUELTIGAB = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_QMTBV INTO WA_QMTBV.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_QMTBV-SORTFELD, sy-vline,
  WA_QMTBV-AUTOR, sy-vline,
  WA_QMTBV-DATES, sy-vline,
  WA_QMTBV-AEAUT, sy-vline,
  WA_QMTBV-DATAE, sy-vline,
  WA_QMTBV-LOEKZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_QMTBV you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_QMTBV TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_QMTBV INTO WA_QMTBV.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PMTNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QMTBV-PMTNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QMTBV-PMTNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QMTBV-VERSION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QMTBV-VERSION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRACHE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QMTBV-SPRACHE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QMTBV-SPRACHE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_QMTBV_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
PMTNR TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
GUELTIGAB TYPE STRING,
SORTFELD TYPE STRING,
AUTOR TYPE STRING,
DATES TYPE STRING,
AEAUT TYPE STRING,
DATAE TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
LSPER TYPE STRING,
PRFQL TYPE STRING,
DUMMY10 TYPE STRING,
DUMMY20 TYPE STRING,
DUMMY40 TYPE STRING,
QAUTH TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDDATETIME TYPE STRING,
DUMMY_QMTB_INCL_EEW_PS TYPE STRING,
SPRACHE TYPE STRING,
KURZTEXT TYPE STRING,
LTEXTKZ TYPE STRING,
GELOESCHT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_QMTBV_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_QMTBV_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-PMTNR sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-GUELTIGAB sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-SORTFELD sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-AUTOR sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-DATES sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-AEAUT sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-DATAE sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-LSPER sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-PRFQL sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-DUMMY10 sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-DUMMY20 sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-DUMMY40 sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-QAUTH sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-CHANGEDDATETIME sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-DUMMY_QMTB_INCL_EEW_PS sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-SPRACHE sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-KURZTEXT sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-LTEXTKZ sy-vline 
WA_QMTBV_STR-GELOESCHT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.