ABAP Select data from SAP table RCFMT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RCFMT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RCFMT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RCFMT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RCFMT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RCFMT,
      WA_RCFMT TYPE RCFMT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RCFMT> TYPE RCFMT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RCFMT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RCFMT
  INTO TABLE IT_RCFMT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RCFMT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RCFMT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RCFMT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RCFMT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RCFMT ASSIGNING <RCFMT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RCFMT>-MATNR = 1.
<RCFMT>-WERKS = 1.
<RCFMT>-LGORT = 1.
<RCFMT>-LVORM = 1.
<RCFMT>-MAKTX = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RCFMT INTO WA_RCFMT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RCFMT-MTART, sy-vline,
  WA_RCFMT-MEINS, sy-vline,
  WA_RCFMT-AUSME, sy-vline,
  WA_RCFMT-MMSTA, sy-vline,
  WA_RCFMT-BWTTY, sy-vline,
  WA_RCFMT-XCHAR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RCFMT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RCFMT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RCFMT INTO WA_RCFMT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCFMT-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCFMT-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCFMT-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCFMT-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field AUSME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCFMT-AUSME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCFMT-AUSME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RCFMT_STR, 
MATNR TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
LVORM TYPE STRING,
MAKTX TYPE STRING,
MTART TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
AUSME TYPE STRING,
MMSTA TYPE STRING,
BWTTY TYPE STRING,
XCHAR TYPE STRING,
MSTAE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RCFMT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RCFMT_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-LVORM sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-MAKTX sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-MTART sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-AUSME sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-MMSTA sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-BWTTY sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-XCHAR sy-vline 
WA_RCFMT_STR-MSTAE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.