ABAP Select data from SAP table RCOLS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RCOLS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RCOLS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RCOLS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RCOLS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RCOLS,
      WA_RCOLS TYPE RCOLS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RCOLS> TYPE RCOLS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RCOLS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RCOLS
  INTO TABLE IT_RCOLS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RCOLS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RCOLS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RCOLS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RCOLS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RCOLS ASSIGNING <RCOLS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RCOLS>-AUFNR = 1.
<RCOLS>-AUFPS = 1.
<RCOLS>-FLGAT = 1.
<RCOLS>-APLFL = 1.
<RCOLS>-VORNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RCOLS INTO WA_RCOLS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RCOLS-SORT_IND_P, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOLS-UVORN, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOLS-SORT_IND_U, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOLS-VORAOB, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOLS-AUFPL_NCH, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOLS-APLZL_NCH, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RCOLS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RCOLS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RCOLS INTO WA_RCOLS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-AUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-AUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field APLFL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-APLFL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-APLFL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-VORNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-VORNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field UVORN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-UVORN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-UVORN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORAOB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-VORAOB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-VORAOB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AOBAR, internal->external for field AOBAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AOBAR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-AOBAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-AOBAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field XPOSN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-XPOSN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-XPOSN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field POSNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-POSNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-POSNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TAUFN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-TAUFN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-TAUFN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSP, internal->external for field PROJN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RCOLS-PROJN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RCOLS-PROJN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RCOLS_STR, 
AUFNR TYPE STRING,
AUFPS TYPE STRING,
FLGAT TYPE STRING,
APLFL TYPE STRING,
VORNR TYPE STRING,
SORT_IND_P TYPE STRING,
UVORN TYPE STRING,
SORT_IND_U TYPE STRING,
VORAOB TYPE STRING,
AUFPL_NCH TYPE STRING,
APLZL_NCH TYPE STRING,
AOBAR TYPE STRING,
MIMAX TYPE STRING,
AUFST TYPE STRING,
AUFWG TYPE STRING,
BAUST TYPE STRING,
XPOSN TYPE STRING,
GROUP TYPE STRING,
XKZAU TYPE STRING,
RANGF TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
XRVRS TYPE STRING,
RSPOS TYPE STRING,
PSNFH TYPE STRING,
PZLFH TYPE STRING,
TXTAR TYPE STRING,
TXTTI TYPE STRING,
TXTKY TYPE STRING,
TEDAT TYPE STRING,
MLSTN TYPE STRING,
MLST_ZAEHL TYPE STRING,
TAUFN TYPE STRING,
CANUM TYPE STRING,
UCNUM TYPE STRING,
BEDZL TYPE STRING,
APLZL TYPE STRING,
PROJN TYPE STRING,
BAUWG TYPE STRING,
VSNMR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RCOLS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RCOLS_STR-AUFNR sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-AUFPS sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-FLGAT sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-APLFL sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-VORNR sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-SORT_IND_P sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-UVORN sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-SORT_IND_U sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-VORAOB sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-AUFPL_NCH sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-APLZL_NCH sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-AOBAR sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-MIMAX sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-AUFST sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-AUFWG sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-BAUST sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-XPOSN sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-GROUP sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-XKZAU sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-RANGF sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-XRVRS sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-RSPOS sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-PSNFH sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-PZLFH sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-TXTAR sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-TXTTI sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-TXTKY sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-TEDAT sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-MLSTN sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-MLST_ZAEHL sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-TAUFN sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-CANUM sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-UCNUM sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-BEDZL sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-APLZL sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-PROJN sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-BAUWG sy-vline 
WA_RCOLS_STR-VSNMR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.