ABAP Select data from SAP table RCOMP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RCOMP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RCOMP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RCOMP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RCOMP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RCOMP,
      WA_RCOMP TYPE RCOMP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RCOMP> TYPE RCOMP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RCOMP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RCOMP
  INTO TABLE IT_RCOMP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RCOMP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RCOMP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RCOMP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RCOMP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RCOMP ASSIGNING <RCOMP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RCOMP>-MSID = 1.
<RCOMP>-MSGTY = 1.
<RCOMP>-MSGID = 1.
<RCOMP>-MSGNO = 1.
<RCOMP>-MSGV1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RCOMP INTO WA_RCOMP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RCOMP-MSGV2, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOMP-MSGV3, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOMP-MSGV4, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOMP-ALTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOMP-USEREXITP, sy-vline,
  WA_RCOMP-USEREXITF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RCOMP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RCOMP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RCOMP INTO WA_RCOMP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RCOMP_STR, 
MSID TYPE STRING,
MSGTY TYPE STRING,
MSGID TYPE STRING,
MSGNO TYPE STRING,
MSGV1 TYPE STRING,
MSGV2 TYPE STRING,
MSGV3 TYPE STRING,
MSGV4 TYPE STRING,
ALTEXT TYPE STRING,
USEREXITP TYPE STRING,
USEREXITF TYPE STRING,
DETLEVEL TYPE STRING,
PROBCLASS TYPE STRING,
ALSORT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RCOMP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSID sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSGTY sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSGID sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSGNO sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSGV1 sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSGV2 sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSGV3 sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-MSGV4 sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-ALTEXT sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-USEREXITP sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-USEREXITF sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-DETLEVEL sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-PROBCLASS sy-vline 
WA_RCOMP_STR-ALSORT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.