ABAP Select data from SAP table SDBSQL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SDBSQL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SDBSQL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SDBSQL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SDBSQL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SDBSQL,
      WA_SDBSQL TYPE SDBSQL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SDBSQL> TYPE SDBSQL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SDBSQL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SDBSQL
  INTO TABLE IT_SDBSQL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SDBSQL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SDBSQL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SDBSQL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SDBSQL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SDBSQL ASSIGNING <SDBSQL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SDBSQL>-COMMANDS = 1.
<SDBSQL>-ROLLBS = 1.
<SDBSQL>-COMMITS = 1.
<SDBSQL>-PREPARES = 1.
<SDBSQL>-EXECUTES = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SDBSQL INTO WA_SDBSQL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SDBSQL-CREATES, sy-vline,
  WA_SDBSQL-ALTERS, sy-vline,
  WA_SDBSQL-DROPS, sy-vline,
  WA_SDBSQL-INSERTS, sy-vline,
  WA_SDBSQL-INSERTSR, sy-vline,
  WA_SDBSQL-UPDATES, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SDBSQL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SDBSQL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SDBSQL INTO WA_SDBSQL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SDBSQL_STR, 
COMMANDS TYPE STRING,
ROLLBS TYPE STRING,
COMMITS TYPE STRING,
PREPARES TYPE STRING,
EXECUTES TYPE STRING,
CREATES TYPE STRING,
ALTERS TYPE STRING,
DROPS TYPE STRING,
INSERTS TYPE STRING,
INSERTSR TYPE STRING,
UPDATES TYPE STRING,
UPDATESR TYPE STRING,
UPDATESU TYPE STRING,
DELETES TYPE STRING,
DELETESR TYPE STRING,
DELETESD TYPE STRING,
SELFETS TYPE STRING,
SELFETSR TYPE STRING,
SELFETSQ TYPE STRING,
DBPROCIN TYPE STRING,
DBPROCEX TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SDBSQL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SDBSQL_STR-COMMANDS sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-ROLLBS sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-COMMITS sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-PREPARES sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-EXECUTES sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-CREATES sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-ALTERS sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-DROPS sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-INSERTS sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-INSERTSR sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-UPDATES sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-UPDATESR sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-UPDATESU sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-DELETES sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-DELETESR sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-DELETESD sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-SELFETS sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-SELFETSR sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-SELFETSQ sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-DBPROCIN sy-vline 
WA_SDBSQL_STR-DBPROCEX sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.