ABAP Select data from SAP table SPCMFILE into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  Get ABAP code

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SPCMFILE table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SPCMFILE. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SPCMFILE table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SPCMFILE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SPCMFILE,
      WA_SPCMFILE TYPE SPCMFILE,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SPCMFILE> TYPE SPCMFILE.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SPCMFILE.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SPCMFILE
  INTO TABLE IT_SPCMFILE.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SPCMFILE
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SPCMFILE2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SPCMFILE INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SPCMFILE2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SPCMFILE ASSIGNING <SPCMFILE>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SPCMFILE>-MANDT = 1.
<SPCMFILE>-MESTYP = 1.
<SPCMFILE>-MESFCT = 1.
<SPCMFILE>-MESCOD = 1.
<SPCMFILE>-SEGMENT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SPCMFILE INTO WA_SPCMFILE.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SPCMFILE-FIELDS, sy-vline,
  WA_SPCMFILE-SEGLEVEL, sy-vline,
  WA_SPCMFILE-CATEGORY, sy-vline,
  WA_SPCMFILE-SEQUENCE, sy-vline,
  WA_SPCMFILE-BLANK, sy-vline,
  WA_SPCMFILE-OCCURANCE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SPCMFILE you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SPCMFILE TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SPCMFILE INTO WA_SPCMFILE.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SPCMFILE_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MESTYP TYPE STRING,
MESFCT TYPE STRING,
MESCOD TYPE STRING,
SEGMENT TYPE STRING,
FIELDS TYPE STRING,
SEGLEVEL TYPE STRING,
CATEGORY TYPE STRING,
SEQUENCE TYPE STRING,
BLANK TYPE STRING,
OCCURANCE TYPE STRING,
RELATION TYPE STRING,
REL_FLAG TYPE STRING,
LINE_FLAG TYPE STRING,
SLASH_FLAG TYPE STRING,
TEI_FLAG TYPE STRING,
SBRTN TYPE STRING,
DESCP TYPE STRING,
MESSAGE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SPCMFILE_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-MESTYP sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-MESFCT sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-MESCOD sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-SEGMENT sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-FIELDS sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-SEGLEVEL sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-CATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-SEQUENCE sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-BLANK sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-OCCURANCE sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-RELATION sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-REL_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-LINE_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-SLASH_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-TEI_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-SBRTN sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-DESCP sy-vline 
WA_SPCMFILE_STR-MESSAGE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.