ABAP Select data from SAP table SQLMD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SQLMD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SQLMD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SQLMD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SQLMD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SQLMD,
      WA_SQLMD TYPE SQLMD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SQLMD> TYPE SQLMD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SQLMD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SQLMD
  INTO TABLE IT_SQLMD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SQLMD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SQLMD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SQLMD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SQLMD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SQLMD ASSIGNING <SQLMD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SQLMD>-PROGNAME = 1.
<SQLMD>-PROGKIND = 1.
<SQLMD>-PROCTYPE = 1.
<SQLMD>-PROCNAME = 1.
<SQLMD>-PROCLINE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SQLMD INTO WA_SQLMD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SQLMD-RUNLEVEL, sy-vline,
  WA_SQLMD-ROOTTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_SQLMD-ROOTNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_SQLMD-STMTKIND, sy-vline,
  WA_SQLMD-TABLENAME, sy-vline,
  WA_SQLMD-XCNT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SQLMD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SQLMD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SQLMD INTO WA_SQLMD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SQLMD_STR, 
PROGNAME TYPE STRING,
PROGKIND TYPE STRING,
PROCTYPE TYPE STRING,
PROCNAME TYPE STRING,
PROCLINE TYPE STRING,
RUNLEVEL TYPE STRING,
ROOTTYPE TYPE STRING,
ROOTNAME TYPE STRING,
STMTKIND TYPE STRING,
TABLENAME TYPE STRING,
XCNT TYPE STRING,
RCNT TYPE STRING,
XCNTRCNT TYPE STRING,
RTMIN TYPE STRING,
RTMAX TYPE STRING,
RTCNT TYPE STRING,
RTSUM TYPE STRING,
RTSQS TYPE STRING,
RTAVG TYPE STRING,
RTDEV TYPE STRING,
DBMIN TYPE STRING,
DBMAX TYPE STRING,
DBCNT TYPE STRING,
DBSUM TYPE STRING,
DBSQS TYPE STRING,
DBAVG TYPE STRING,
DBDEV TYPE STRING,
DDATE TYPE STRING,
DTIME TYPE STRING,
RTMCNT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SQLMD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SQLMD_STR-PROGNAME sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-PROGKIND sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-PROCTYPE sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-PROCNAME sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-PROCLINE sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RUNLEVEL sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-ROOTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-ROOTNAME sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-STMTKIND sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-TABLENAME sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-XCNT sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RCNT sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-XCNTRCNT sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTMIN sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTMAX sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTCNT sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTSUM sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTSQS sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTAVG sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTDEV sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DBMIN sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DBMAX sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DBCNT sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DBSUM sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DBSQS sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DBAVG sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DBDEV sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DDATE sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-DTIME sy-vline 
WA_SQLMD_STR-RTMCNT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.