ABAP Select data from SAP table SQTEXT_DB4 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SQTEXT_DB4 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SQTEXT_DB4. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SQTEXT_DB4 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SQTEXT_DB4 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SQTEXT_DB4,
      WA_SQTEXT_DB4 TYPE SQTEXT_DB4,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SQTEXT_DB4> TYPE SQTEXT_DB4.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SQTEXT_DB4.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SQTEXT_DB4
  INTO TABLE IT_SQTEXT_DB4.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SQTEXT_DB4
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SQTEXT_DB42).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SQTEXT_DB4 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SQTEXT_DB42).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SQTEXT_DB4 ASSIGNING <SQTEXT_DB4>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SQTEXT_DB4>-SYSID = 1.
<SQTEXT_DB4>-IPLTIME = 1.
<SQTEXT_DB4>-QQKEY = 1.
<SQTEXT_DB4>-QQTIME = 1.
<SQTEXT_DB4>-QQC11 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SQTEXT_DB4 INTO WA_SQTEXT_DB4.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SQTEXT_DB4-QQC12, sy-vline,
  WA_SQTEXT_DB4-QQC21, sy-vline,
  WA_SQTEXT_DB4-QQC22, sy-vline,
  WA_SQTEXT_DB4-QQI1, sy-vline,
  WA_SQTEXT_DB4-QQI2, sy-vline,
  WA_SQTEXT_DB4-QQC301, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SQTEXT_DB4 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SQTEXT_DB4 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SQTEXT_DB4 INTO WA_SQTEXT_DB4.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SQTEXT_DB4_STR, 
SYSID TYPE STRING,
IPLTIME TYPE STRING,
QQKEY TYPE STRING,
QQTIME TYPE STRING,
QQC11 TYPE STRING,
QQC12 TYPE STRING,
QQC21 TYPE STRING,
QQC22 TYPE STRING,
QQI1 TYPE STRING,
QQI2 TYPE STRING,
QQC301 TYPE STRING,
QQC302 TYPE STRING,
QQSTTX_LNG TYPE STRING,
QQSTTX TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-SYSID sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-IPLTIME sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQKEY sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQTIME sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQC11 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQC12 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQC21 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQC22 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQI1 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQI2 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQC301 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQC302 sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQSTTX_LNG sy-vline 
WA_SQTEXT_DB4_STR-QQSTTX sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.