ABAP Select data from SAP table TBPCA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TBPCA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TBPCA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TBPCA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TBPCA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TBPCA,
      WA_TBPCA TYPE TBPCA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TBPCA> TYPE TBPCA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TBPCA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TBPCA
  INTO TABLE IT_TBPCA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TBPCA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TBPCA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TBPCA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TBPCA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TBPCA ASSIGNING <TBPCA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TBPCA>-MANDT = 1.
<TBPCA>-FIKRS = 1.
<TBPCA>-GJAHR = 1.
<TBPCA>-SUBVO = 1.
<TBPCA>-GEBER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TBPCA INTO WA_TBPCA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TBPCA-FISTL, sy-vline,
  WA_TBPCA-FIPEX, sy-vline,
  WA_TBPCA-BASIS, sy-vline,
  WA_TBPCA-VPROZ, sy-vline,
  WA_TBPCA-VBETR, sy-vline,
  WA_TBPCA-ZPROZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TBPCA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TBPCA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TBPCA INTO WA_TBPCA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TBPCA-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TBPCA-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FIPEX, internal->external for field FIPEX
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FIPEX_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TBPCA-FIPEX
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TBPCA-FIPEX.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TBPCA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
FIKRS TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
SUBVO TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
FISTL TYPE STRING,
FIPEX TYPE STRING,
BASIS TYPE STRING,
VPROZ TYPE STRING,
VBETR TYPE STRING,
ZPROZ TYPE STRING,
ZBETR TYPE STRING,
DEAKTIV TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TBPCA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TBPCA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-FIKRS sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-SUBVO sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-FISTL sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-FIPEX sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-BASIS sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-VPROZ sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-VBETR sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-ZPROZ sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-ZBETR sy-vline 
WA_TBPCA_STR-DEAKTIV sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.