ABAP Select data from SAP table TCNVFT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TCNVFT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TCNVFT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TCNVFT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TCNVFT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TCNVFT,
      WA_TCNVFT TYPE TCNVFT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TCNVFT> TYPE TCNVFT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TCNVFT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TCNVFT
  INTO TABLE IT_TCNVFT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TCNVFT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TCNVFT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TCNVFT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TCNVFT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TCNVFT ASSIGNING <TCNVFT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TCNVFT>-MANDT = 1.
<TCNVFT>-SPRAS = 1.
<TCNVFT>-APPLIC = 1.
<TCNVFT>-SUBAPP = 1.
<TCNVFT>-LSTVAR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TCNVFT INTO WA_TCNVFT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TCNVFT-LINTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNVFT-OBJECT, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNVFT-LINE, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNVFT-POSIT, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNVFT-KTEXT, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TCNVFT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TCNVFT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TCNVFT INTO WA_TCNVFT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TCNVFT-SPRAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TCNVFT-SPRAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TCNVFT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,
APPLIC TYPE STRING,
SUBAPP TYPE STRING,
LSTVAR TYPE STRING,
LINTYP TYPE STRING,
OBJECT TYPE STRING,
LINE TYPE STRING,
POSIT TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TCNVFT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TCNVFT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-SPRAS sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-APPLIC sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-SUBAPP sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-LSTVAR sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-LINTYP sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-LINE sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-POSIT sy-vline 
WA_TCNVFT_STR-KTEXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.