ABAP Select data from SAP table TOIA4S into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TOIA4S table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TOIA4S. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TOIA4S table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TOIA4S TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TOIA4S,
      WA_TOIA4S TYPE TOIA4S,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TOIA4S> TYPE TOIA4S.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TOIA4S.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TOIA4S
  INTO TABLE IT_TOIA4S.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TOIA4S
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TOIA4S2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TOIA4S INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TOIA4S2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TOIA4S ASSIGNING <TOIA4S>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TOIA4S>-MANDT = 1.
<TOIA4S>-EXGPTR = 1.
<TOIA4S>-BUKRS = 1.
<TOIA4S>-NETCYC = 1.
<TOIA4S>-NETCRIT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TOIA4S INTO WA_TOIA4S.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TOIA4S-STEPL, sy-vline,
  WA_TOIA4S-VONSL, sy-vline,
  WA_TOIA4S-BISSL, sy-vline,
  WA_TOIA4S-XSTRG, sy-vline,
  WA_TOIA4S-XINIT, sy-vline,
  WA_TOIA4S-INP_VONSL, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TOIA4S you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TOIA4S TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TOIA4S INTO WA_TOIA4S.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EXGPTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TOIA4S-EXGPTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TOIA4S-EXGPTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TOIA4S_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
EXGPTR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
NETCYC TYPE STRING,
NETCRIT TYPE STRING,
STEPL TYPE STRING,
VONSL TYPE STRING,
BISSL TYPE STRING,
XSTRG TYPE STRING,
XINIT TYPE STRING,
INP_VONSL TYPE STRING,
INP_BISSL TYPE STRING,
INP_XSTRG TYPE STRING,
INP_XINIT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TOIA4S_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TOIA4S_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-EXGPTR sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-NETCYC sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-NETCRIT sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-STEPL sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-VONSL sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-BISSL sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-XSTRG sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-XINIT sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-INP_VONSL sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-INP_BISSL sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-INP_XSTRG sy-vline 
WA_TOIA4S_STR-INP_XINIT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.