ABAP Select data from SAP table V_CF_MSKA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_CF_MSKA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_CF_MSKA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_CF_MSKA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_CF_MSKA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_CF_MSKA,
      WA_V_CF_MSKA TYPE V_CF_MSKA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_CF_MSKA> TYPE V_CF_MSKA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_CF_MSKA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_CF_MSKA
  INTO TABLE IT_V_CF_MSKA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_CF_MSKA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_CF_MSKA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_CF_MSKA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_CF_MSKA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_CF_MSKA ASSIGNING <V_CF_MSKA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_CF_MSKA>-MANDT = 1.
<V_CF_MSKA>-MATNR = 1.
<V_CF_MSKA>-WERKS = 1.
<V_CF_MSKA>-LGORT = 1.
<V_CF_MSKA>-CHARG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_CF_MSKA INTO WA_V_CF_MSKA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_CF_MSKA-SOBKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_V_CF_MSKA-VBELN, sy-vline,
  WA_V_CF_MSKA-POSNR, sy-vline,
  WA_V_CF_MSKA-CLABS, sy-vline,
  WA_V_CF_MSKA-CINSM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_CF_MSKA-CSPEM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_CF_MSKA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_CF_MSKA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_CF_MSKA INTO WA_V_CF_MSKA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_CF_MSKA-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_CF_MSKA-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_CF_MSKA-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_CF_MSKA-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field LFGJA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_CF_MSKA-LFGJA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_CF_MSKA-LFGJA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_CF_MSKA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
CHARG TYPE STRING,
SOBKZ TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
CLABS TYPE STRING,
CINSM TYPE STRING,
CSPEM TYPE STRING,
CEINM TYPE STRING,
CVMLA TYPE STRING,
CVMIN TYPE STRING,
CVMSP TYPE STRING,
CVMEI TYPE STRING,
SPERC TYPE STRING,
LVORM_0 TYPE STRING,
LVORM_1 TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
ZUSTD_0 TYPE STRING,
ZUSTD_1 TYPE STRING,
LFGJA TYPE STRING,
LFMON TYPE STRING,
BATCH_TYPE_0 TYPE STRING,
BATCH_TYPE_1 TYPE STRING,
SGT_SCAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CHARG sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-SOBKZ sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CLABS sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CINSM sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CSPEM sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CEINM sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CVMLA sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CVMIN sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CVMSP sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-CVMEI sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-SPERC sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-LVORM_0 sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-LVORM_1 sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-ZUSTD_0 sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-ZUSTD_1 sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-LFGJA sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-LFMON sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-BATCH_TYPE_0 sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-BATCH_TYPE_1 sy-vline 
WA_V_CF_MSKA_STR-SGT_SCAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.