ABAP Select data from SAP table V_TCNT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_TCNT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_TCNT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_TCNT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_TCNT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_TCNT,
      WA_V_TCNT TYPE V_TCNT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_TCNT> TYPE V_TCNT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_TCNT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_TCNT
  INTO TABLE IT_V_TCNT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_TCNT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_TCNT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_TCNT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_TCNT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_TCNT ASSIGNING <V_TCNT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_TCNT>-MANDT = 1.
<V_TCNT>-PROFID = 1.
<V_TCNT>-KTEXT = 1.
<V_TCNT>-AENAM = 1.
<V_TCNT>-PROTECT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_TCNT INTO WA_V_TCNT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_TCNT-CUSTOM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNT-PROF_DB, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNT-PROF_ST, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNT-PROF_PD, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNT-PROF_PE, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNT-PROF_VB, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_TCNT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_TCNT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_TCNT INTO WA_V_TCNT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_TCNT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PROFID TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
PROTECT TYPE STRING,
CUSTOM TYPE STRING,
PROF_DB TYPE STRING,
PROF_ST TYPE STRING,
PROF_PD TYPE STRING,
PROF_PE TYPE STRING,
PROF_VB TYPE STRING,
PROF_VP TYPE STRING,
PROF_PL TYPE STRING,
PROF_AF TYPE STRING,
PROF_NZ TYPE STRING,
PROF_VG TYPE STRING,
PROF_AB TYPE STRING,
PROF_MS TYPE STRING,
PROF_FH TYPE STRING,
PROF_KB TYPE STRING,
PROF_MR TYPE STRING,
PROF_RM TYPE STRING,
PROF_ZV TYPE STRING,
KPRF_PD TYPE STRING,
KPRF_PE TYPE STRING,
KPRF_PX TYPE STRING,
KPRF_PL TYPE STRING,
KPRF_AF TYPE STRING,
KPRF_NZ TYPE STRING,
KPRF_VE TYPE STRING,
KPRF_AB TYPE STRING,
KPRF_MS TYPE STRING,
KPRF_FH TYPE STRING,
KPRF_KB TYPE STRING,
KPRF_MR TYPE STRING,
KPRF_RM TYPE STRING,
TITLETEXT TYPE STRING,
TOPTEXT TYPE STRING,
TOP_LSTVAR TYPE STRING,
POS_LSTVAR TYPE STRING,
PICKUP_KEY TYPE STRING,
PICKUP_FLD TYPE STRING,
FLG_CSVRMK TYPE STRING,
PROF_UC TYPE STRING,
STRGR_GRUP TYPE STRING,
STRGR_NAME TYPE STRING,
STRGR_INDX TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_TCNT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_TCNT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROFID sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KTEXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROTECT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-CUSTOM sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_DB sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_ST sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_PD sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_PE sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_VB sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_VP sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_PL sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_AF sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_NZ sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_VG sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_AB sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_MS sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_FH sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_KB sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_MR sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_RM sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_ZV sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_PD sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_PE sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_PX sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_PL sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_AF sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_NZ sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_VE sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_AB sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_MS sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_FH sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_KB sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_MR sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-KPRF_RM sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-TITLETEXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-TOPTEXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-TOP_LSTVAR sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-POS_LSTVAR sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PICKUP_KEY sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PICKUP_FLD sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-FLG_CSVRMK sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-PROF_UC sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-STRGR_GRUP sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-STRGR_NAME sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNT_STR-STRGR_INDX sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.