ABAP Select data from SAP table V_TCNU into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_TCNU table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_TCNU. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_TCNU table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_TCNU TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_TCNU,
      WA_V_TCNU TYPE V_TCNU,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_TCNU> TYPE V_TCNU.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_TCNU.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_TCNU
  INTO TABLE IT_V_TCNU.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_TCNU
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_TCNU2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_TCNU INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_TCNU2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_TCNU ASSIGNING <V_TCNU>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_TCNU>-MANDT = 1.
<V_TCNU>-PROFID = 1.
<V_TCNU>-DIMID = 1.
<V_TCNU>-KTEXT = 1.
<V_TCNU>-TXDIM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_TCNU INTO WA_V_TCNU.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_TCNU-MSEHI, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNU-MSEHL, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNU-AENAM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNU-PROTECT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNU-CUSTOM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TCNU-FLG_MIN_EH, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_TCNU you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_TCNU TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_TCNU INTO WA_V_TCNU.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MSEHI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TCNU-MSEHI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TCNU-MSEHI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_TCNU_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PROFID TYPE STRING,
DIMID TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,
TXDIM TYPE STRING,
MSEHI TYPE STRING,
MSEHL TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
PROTECT TYPE STRING,
CUSTOM TYPE STRING,
FLG_MIN_EH TYPE STRING,
FLG_MAX_EH TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_TCNU_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_TCNU_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-PROFID sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-DIMID sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-KTEXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-TXDIM sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-MSEHI sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-MSEHL sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-PROTECT sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-CUSTOM sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-FLG_MIN_EH sy-vline 
WA_V_TCNU_STR-FLG_MAX_EH sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.