ABAP Select data from SAP table V_VCLSTRUC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_VCLSTRUC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_VCLSTRUC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_VCLSTRUC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_VCLSTRUC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_VCLSTRUC,
      WA_V_VCLSTRUC TYPE V_VCLSTRUC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_VCLSTRUC> TYPE V_VCLSTRUC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_VCLSTRUC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_VCLSTRUC
  INTO TABLE IT_V_VCLSTRUC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_VCLSTRUC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_VCLSTRUC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_VCLSTRUC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_VCLSTRUC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_VCLSTRUC ASSIGNING <V_VCLSTRUC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_VCLSTRUC>-VCLNAME = 1.
<V_VCLSTRUC>-OBJECT = 1.
<V_VCLSTRUC>-OBJECTTEXT = 1.
<V_VCLSTRUC>-PREDOBJECT = 1.
<V_VCLSTRUC>-DEPENDENCY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_VCLSTRUC INTO WA_V_VCLSTRUC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_VCLSTRUC-OBJPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_V_VCLSTRUC-OBJLEVEL, sy-vline,
  WA_V_VCLSTRUC-STARTOBJ, sy-vline,
  WA_V_VCLSTRUC-SUPPRESS, sy-vline,
  WA_V_VCLSTRUC-CARDINAL, sy-vline,
  WA_V_VCLSTRUC-SWITCH_ID, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_VCLSTRUC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_VCLSTRUC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_VCLSTRUC INTO WA_V_VCLSTRUC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_VCLSTRUC_STR, 
VCLNAME TYPE STRING,
OBJECT TYPE STRING,
OBJECTTEXT TYPE STRING,
PREDOBJECT TYPE STRING,
DEPENDENCY TYPE STRING,
OBJPOS TYPE STRING,
OBJLEVEL TYPE STRING,
STARTOBJ TYPE STRING,
SUPPRESS TYPE STRING,
CARDINAL TYPE STRING,
SWITCH_ID TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-VCLNAME sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-OBJECTTEXT sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-PREDOBJECT sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-DEPENDENCY sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-OBJPOS sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-OBJLEVEL sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-STARTOBJ sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-SUPPRESS sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-CARDINAL sy-vline 
WA_V_VCLSTRUC_STR-SWITCH_ID sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.