ABAP Select data from SAP table VBCOM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBCOM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBCOM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBCOM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBCOM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBCOM,
      WA_VBCOM TYPE VBCOM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBCOM> TYPE VBCOM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBCOM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBCOM
  INTO TABLE IT_VBCOM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBCOM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBCOM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBCOM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBCOM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBCOM ASSIGNING <VBCOM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBCOM>-MATNR = 1.
<VBCOM>-VKORG = 1.
<VBCOM>-VTWEG = 1.
<VBCOM>-SPART = 1.
<VBCOM>-VKBUR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBCOM INTO WA_VBCOM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBCOM-VKGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCOM-AUART, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCOM-VBELN, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCOM-KUNNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCOM-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCOM-PARVW, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBCOM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBCOM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBCOM INTO WA_VBCOM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCOM-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCOM-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AUART, internal->external for field AUART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AUART_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCOM-AUART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCOM-AUART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCOM-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCOM-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCOM-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCOM-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PARVW, internal->external for field PARVW
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PARVW_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCOM-PARVW
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCOM-PARVW.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNDE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCOM-KUNDE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCOM-KUNDE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN_BIS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCOM-VBELN_BIS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCOM-VBELN_BIS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBCOM_STR, 
MATNR TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
SPART TYPE STRING,
VKBUR TYPE STRING,
VKGRP TYPE STRING,
AUART TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
PARVW TYPE STRING,
KUNDE TYPE STRING,
BSTNK TYPE STRING,
AUDAT TYPE STRING,
AUDAT_BIS TYPE STRING,
ZPERS TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
ZUART TYPE STRING,
TRVOG TYPE STRING,
VBALL TYPE STRING,
VBOFF TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
KOPF_DAZU TYPE STRING,
STAT_DAZU TYPE STRING,
NAME_DAZU TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VKORG_BIS TYPE STRING,
VBELN_BIS TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
WADAT TYPE STRING,
WADAT_BIS TYPE STRING,
BSTKD TYPE STRING,
VBERF TYPE STRING,
FSH_SEASON_YEAR TYPE STRING,
FSH_SEASON TYPE STRING,
FSH_COLLECTION TYPE STRING,
FSH_THEME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBCOM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBCOM_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-SPART sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VKBUR sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VKGRP sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-AUART sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-PARVW sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-KUNDE sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-BSTNK sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-AUDAT sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-AUDAT_BIS sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-ZPERS sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-ZUART sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-TRVOG sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VBALL sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VBOFF sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-KOPF_DAZU sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-STAT_DAZU sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-NAME_DAZU sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VKORG_BIS sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VBELN_BIS sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-WADAT sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-WADAT_BIS sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-BSTKD sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-VBERF sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-FSH_SEASON_YEAR sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-FSH_SEASON sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-FSH_COLLECTION sy-vline 
WA_VBCOM_STR-FSH_THEME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.