ABAP Select data from SAP table VBCP4 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBCP4 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBCP4. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBCP4 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBCP4 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBCP4,
      WA_VBCP4 TYPE VBCP4,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBCP4> TYPE VBCP4.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBCP4.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBCP4
  INTO TABLE IT_VBCP4.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBCP4
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBCP42).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBCP4 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBCP42).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBCP4 ASSIGNING <VBCP4>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBCP4>-CHARG = 1.
<VBCP4>-MATNR = 1.
<VBCP4>-WERKS = 1.
<VBCP4>-EBRID = 1.
<VBCP4>-AUFNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBCP4 INTO WA_VBCP4.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBCP4-CRID, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCP4-ADRES, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCP4-PISHEET_STATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCP4-NODE_KEY, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCP4-FLG_ARCH, sy-vline,
  WA_VBCP4-FLG_AR_REF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBCP4 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBCP4 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBCP4 INTO WA_VBCP4.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCP4-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCP4-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBCP4-AUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBCP4-AUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBCP4_STR, 
CHARG TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
EBRID TYPE STRING,
AUFNR TYPE STRING,
CRID TYPE STRING,
ADRES TYPE STRING,
PISHEET_STATUS TYPE STRING,
NODE_KEY TYPE STRING,
FLG_ARCH TYPE STRING,
FLG_AR_REF TYPE STRING,
COTYP TYPE STRING,
PHSEQ TYPE STRING,
AUTYP TYPE STRING,
HTML_MODE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBCP4_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBCP4_STR-CHARG sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-EBRID sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-AUFNR sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-CRID sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-ADRES sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-PISHEET_STATUS sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-NODE_KEY sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-FLG_ARCH sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-FLG_AR_REF sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-COTYP sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-PHSEQ sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-AUTYP sy-vline 
WA_VBCP4_STR-HTML_MODE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.